These 13 trees are a selected roster, not an official ranking of the country’s most endangered species. The list includes trees assessed in different years and under different conservation systems; it does not establish that every species has the same current status or legal protection in the United States. One entry, the monkey puzzle, is native to the Andes of South America—not North America.
Which 13 trees are on the list?
The names below follow the selection in a 2024 article titled “13 Most Endangered Trees in the United States.” The roster is useful as a starting point for learning about imperiled trees, but it should not be read as a definitive or exhaustive national register.
| Common name | Scientific name |
|---|---|
| Florida yew | Taxus floridana |
| Longleaf pine | Pinus palustris |
| Maple-leaf oak | Quercus acerifolia |
| Franklin tree | Franklinia alatamaha |
| North American or white ash | Fraxinus americana |
| California redwood | Sequoia sempervirens |
| Loulu | Pritchardia kaalae |
| Florida torreya | Torreya taxifolia |
| Monkey puzzle | Araucaria araucana |
| Fraser fir | Abies fraseri |
| Hawai’i alectryon | Alectryon macrococcus |
| Gowen cypress | Cupressus goveniana |
| Butternut | Juglans cinerea |
The monkey puzzle is the geographic exception: it is native to the Andes in South America and is non-native in North America. The list’s U.S. focus should not be taken to mean all 13 are native U.S. trees.
Does “endangered” mean the same thing for every tree here?
No. Conservation assessments use different systems, and an assessment category is not automatically a U.S. legal designation. The 2023 crosswalk comparing NatureServe global ranks with IUCN categories says there is no direct one-to-one conversion between the two systems. The roster’s linked species assessments span 2003 through 2019; those dates do not show that every tree was reassessed in 2024 or 2026.
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The IUCN Red List recognizes nine categories: Extinct, Extinct in the Wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern, Data Deficient and Not Evaluated. Vulnerable, Endangered and Critically Endangered are the categories IUCN counts as threatened with extinction. These terms describe IUCN assessments; they do not, by themselves, establish that a species is listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
For that reason, this roster should not be used as a current, species-by-species status chart or a guide to legal requirements. Confirm a tree’s latest assessment and any applicable federal or state protections through the relevant records before making a site, permitting or planting decision.
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What pressures put trees at risk?
The threats described across the roster include habitat conversion and fragmentation, altered fire regimes, pests, disease, grazing and poor regeneration. Which pressure matters most varies by species. The roster does not provide a sufficiently current, consistently sourced threat-and-status profile for every entry, so these pressures should not be assigned to individual trees without checking that species’ assessment.
A broader U.S. Botanic Garden summary offers context, but not a status update for each tree above: a comprehensive assessment of 881 native tree species in the contiguous United States found that 11–16% were threatened with extinction. Invasive and problematic pests and diseases were the most common threats in that assessment. Its geographic scope is the contiguous United States, so it is not a single assessment of all taxa in this roster, including the Hawaiian entries or the South American-native monkey puzzle.
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A dated example: ash and emerald ash borer
In 2017, IUCN reported that five of six prominent North American ash species assessed were Critically Endangered and one was Endangered, with emerald ash borer identified as responsible for severe decline. IUCN also reported that green, white and black ash together comprised nearly nine billion trees in the forested lands of the contiguous United States. Both findings are from 2017; the population figure is not a current census, and the summary does not establish which category applies to white ash in this roster.
Why a species count in collections is not a wild-population measure
The U.S. Botanic Garden summary reported that 95% (849) of native U.S. tree species were represented in at least one ex-situ collection, such as a botanic garden, arboretum or seed bank. Representation in collections can support conservation, but it does not mean those species are secure in their natural habitats.
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What the list says about construction and land use
Habitat conversion and fragmentation are among the pressures described across these trees, making early land-use decisions relevant to projects near natural areas. The list does not identify particular construction projects or quantify their effects on any one species. For a project, the useful response is to establish what is actually present before disturbance and to avoid treating a general list as a substitute for local ecological review.
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- Check the site before design is fixed. Seek qualified ecological advice where native woodland or other natural habitat may be affected, and confirm whether local, state or federal review applies.
- Reduce avoidable habitat loss and fragmentation. Consider whether footprints, access routes and staging areas can be kept out of intact habitat. Site-specific decisions depend on ecological and regulatory review.
- Do not assume a common name identifies a protected tree. Confirm the scientific name and applicable jurisdictional status; assessment labels and legal listings are not interchangeable.
- Be cautious about planting imperiled species. Do not buy or move seeds or seedlings without verified, responsible provenance and a clear conservation rationale. A commercial planting is not a substitute for protecting a species in its natural habitat.
How to read this roster responsibly
- Treat it as a selected list of trees calling for attention, not as a ranked or exhaustive U.S. inventory.
- Check the assessment system, geography and assessment date before repeating a status label.
- Keep broad assessment findings in scope: the 881-species result applies to native trees in the contiguous United States, not automatically to every tree named here.
- For a property or project decision, verify the species and current legal requirements for the exact site rather than relying on a general article.
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
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