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Bettesworth Construction
Building Codes

Do Building Codes Require Downpipes to Connect to Stormwater Drains?

Downpipe rules depend on the locally adopted code and approved runoff destination. Stormwater and sanitary sewer connections are not interchangeable.

By Bettesworth Construction Team 3 min read
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Not always. Whether a downpipe (called a downspout in many U.S. codes) must connect to a stormwater drain depends on the locally adopted code, sewer rules, and the approved place for roof runoff. Some jurisdictions allow approved surface or on-site disposal, but a stormwater connection is not permission to connect to a sanitary sewer.

Why there is no single rule

Building and plumbing requirements vary by jurisdiction, and local sewer authorities may impose additional conditions. The relevant question is not simply whether a pipe can reach a drain: it is whether the discharge destination is approved for that property and whether runoff can be managed without harming the building, neighbors, or public ways.

For example, Section 1101.2 of the 2024 Plumbing Code of New York State says roof rainwater and stormwater must drain to an approved place of disposal. For one- and two-family dwellings, it allows discharge onto flat areas such as streets or lawns when approved and when water flows away from the building. New York City takes a different approach: its 2022 Plumbing Code, Chapter 11, lists a separate storm sewer, a combined sewer, or an approved disposal place, with Department of Environmental Protection requirements applying to stormwater discharge and extensions from public storm or combined sewers.

Stormwater drains are not sanitary sewers

A stormwater system carries runoff; a sanitary sewer carries wastewater. They are not interchangeable destinations. The New York State code prohibits stormwater from draining into sewers intended for sewage only. New York City DEP also says homeowners must disconnect downspouts from the City’s sanitary sewer system. Check which system a pipe serves before connecting, disconnecting, or redirecting a downpipe.

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How local rules differ

Location and source Permitted route described Conditions and limits
New York State, 2024 Plumbing Code Approved place of disposal; for one- and two-family dwellings, approved discharge onto flat areas such as streets or lawns. Runoff must flow away from the building; stormwater may not enter a sewer intended for sewage only. Confirm local adoption and approval. Code source
New York City, 2022 Plumbing Code Separate storm sewer, combined sewer, or approved place of disposal. Stormwater discharge and extensions from public storm or combined sewers are subject to DEP requirements. Code source
New York City DEP guidance Downspouts must be disconnected from the City’s sanitary sewer system. Redirect water away from foundations and do not send it onto neighboring property or sidewalks. DEP guidance
Baltimore City Code, Section 1502 Roof drainage may go to a storm drain, street or alley, or approved watercourse. An alternative method allows discharge at least 10 feet from buildings and adjacent property lines. Runoff must not cross adjoining property or sidewalks. Continuous discharge that causes ponding or icing in the right-of-way must be piped to the nearest public stormwater drain or inlet. Code source

What to check before changing a connection

  1. Identify the applicable rules. Ask your local building department which plumbing or building code edition and local amendments apply. Contact the stormwater or sewer authority about connection and discharge requirements.
  2. Confirm the destination. Establish whether the existing pipe connects to a storm sewer, combined sewer, sanitary sewer, or another approved outlet. Do not assume that a buried pipe is a stormwater drain.
  3. Get approval for the proposed outlet. Surface discharge, an on-site drainage feature, and a public drain are not automatically acceptable everywhere. Confirm any required permit or property-specific approval before work.
  4. Check where water will go. Plan for water to move away from foundations and avoid neighboring property, sidewalks, erosion, and pooling. Setbacks and right-of-way conditions may apply.
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If surface discharge is allowed

Municipal guidance illustrates ways to redirect runoff, not universal code instructions. NYC DEP describes cutting a downspout above a sewer connection, capping the sewer standpipe, and adding an elbow and extension to move water at least 6 feet from the foundation. Its guidance also calls for discharge onto an absorbent surface and away from sidewalks and neighboring property. Portland recommends an extension or splash block and emphasizes grading, drainage, and erosion control. Check local requirements and site suitability before disconnecting a pipe.

A downspout extension or splash block can direct water away from a building where that outlet is allowed. A rain barrel can capture runoff, but its overflow still needs an acceptable destination. Neither product changes the applicable code or makes an otherwise prohibited discharge acceptable.

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