Women accounted for 11.2% of the U.S. construction-industry workforce in 2024, the highest share in 20 years, according to the National Association of Home Builders’ analysis of Current Population Survey data. That figure covers everyone employed in the construction industry—not just people working in construction trades.
What the 11.2% figure measures
The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) counted 1.34 million women employed in the U.S. construction industry in 2024 and found they made up 11.2% of the industry workforce. The count and the share describe different things: 1.34 million is the number of women employed, while 11.2% is their proportion of all workers in the industry. NAHB describes the share as the highest in 20 years. NAHB’s analysis is based on Current Population Survey (CPS) labor-force statistics.
“Construction industry” is the key qualifier. The measure includes people in office, administrative, management, business and financial, sales, professional, and trade roles at construction-industry businesses. It is not a measure of women’s share of people doing hands-on construction work.
Why construction-industry jobs and trade jobs show different shares
Industry statistics group people by the business or industry where they work; occupation statistics group them by the work they do. A construction company may employ office staff and managers as well as tradespeople. Conversely, a worker in a construction occupation may be employed outside the construction industry. Percentages based on these groupings answer different questions and should not be treated as interchangeable.
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| Measure | What it covers | Women’s representation | Source and period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Construction-industry workforce | Workers in the construction industry, across occupations | 11.2% | NAHB analysis of CPS data, 2024 |
| Construction and maintenance occupations within the construction industry | Workers in the specified occupations employed in the construction industry | 4% | NAHB, 2024 |
| Construction and extraction occupations | A broader occupational category, not limited to workers in the construction industry | 0.5% of workers in this category were women; 9.6% were men | BLS occupational profile, 2024 |
| Construction trade workers | Trade workers, rather than everyone employed in the industry | 4.3% | IWPR estimates for both 2024 and 2025 |
The figures come from different sources and category definitions. In particular, the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ construction-and-extraction occupation category is not identical to NAHB’s construction-and-maintenance measure. Read the label and denominator alongside any percentage. The BLS women’s labor-force report provides its 2024 occupational profile.
Where women were employed in construction
NAHB’s 2024 breakdown shows why the industry-wide percentage should not be mistaken for trade representation. Women’s construction-industry jobs were concentrated in office and administrative support, management, and business and financial operations. NAHB counted 437,000 women in office and administrative support and 39,000 in sales and related occupations in the construction industry that year. Those are occupational counts, not percentages of all workers in those occupations.
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What newer figures say—and what they do not
In an April 2026 estimate, the Institute for Women’s Policy Research (IWPR) put women’s share of construction-industry jobs at 11.3% in 2025, compared with 11.2% in 2024. IWPR cautions that the two annual averages are not fully comparable: October 2025 data were not collected during the federal government shutdown. The 2025 figure is a newer estimate, but it does not change what the 2024 high represents. See IWPR’s 2025 analysis for its figures and caveat.
IWPR also estimates that women represented 4.3% of construction trade workers in both 2024 and 2025. That lower share reflects the trade-worker denominator, not the full construction-industry workforce.
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Apprenticeship representation is a separate measure
In 43 states with construction apprenticeship data by sex, women were 5.3% of active construction-industry apprentices whose gender was known in 2025, up from 4.9% in 2024, according to IWPR. This measures apprentices in those reporting states, not all apprentices nationwide or all people currently employed in construction. It is also a different workforce stage from the employment measures above.
For women exploring a route into the trades, the National Association of Women in Construction offers career-path guidance on construction trade skills. Apprenticeship availability, eligibility, and application details depend on the program and location.
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How the headline statistic is collected
The CPS is a national monthly survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. BLS says it covers approximately 60,000 eligible households; figures in its women’s labor-force report are annual averages unless otherwise noted. NAHB’s headline statistic is a 2024 annual estimate derived from CPS data, not a count of people in trade jobs alone. BLS explains the survey and reporting basis in its technical notes.
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