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Bettesworth Construction
Baltic birch plywood

Fast & Easy Template Routing: Make Accurate Copies of Irregular Shapes

Make accurate duplicates of irregular wood shapes with a full-size template, 1/16-inch rough-cut allowance, bearing-guided router bits, and correct feed direction.

By Bettesworth Construction Team 4 min read

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Template routing is the simplest reliable way to make multiple identical parts with curves, notches, or other irregular outlines. Build one full-size template, rough-cut each blank, then let a bearing-guided router bit transfer the template’s edge to every workpiece.

What template routing solves

A template standardizes an irregular shape so every copy matches the original. It is especially useful for furniture parts, curved trim, brackets, and any batch of pieces that would be difficult to lay out identically by hand.

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WOOD Magazine’s August 24, 2021 guide summarizes the method as making “quick work” of multiples of an irregular-shaped workpiece.

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Choose the template material

Material Best use What to know
1/4-inch hardboard Quick, economical templates Easy to machine and dimensionally more stable than solid wood.
1/2-inch MDF A thicker general-purpose template Easy to cut and stable; the 1/2-inch thickness provides a substantial bearing surface.
Baltic birch plywood Templates that will be reused heavily More durable, but WOOD Magazine reports it may cost double or triple MDF.

Use a full-size template. For a one-off or occasional project, hardboard or MDF is usually the practical choice; choose Baltic birch when repeated use justifies its higher material cost.

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Make the full-size template

  1. Transfer the pattern. Lay out the exact, full-size shape on the template stock.
  2. Drill starter holes. Place holes inside waste areas wherever the scrollsaw or jigsaw blade needs an entry point.
  3. Rough-cut the waste. Cut to within 1/16 inch of the pattern line, leaving enough material for sanding.
  4. Refine the edge. Sand carefully to the line. The template edge becomes the cutting reference, so bumps or hollows will be copied to every part.
  5. Remove the pattern. Clear away paper or layout material so the bearing can run against a clean edge.

Prepare each workpiece

  1. Trace the finished template outline onto each blank.
  2. Rough-cut every blank to within 1/16 inch of the line. A jigsaw or bandsaw removes most of the waste; do not ask the router bit to remove a large amount in one pass.
  3. Position the template on the blank and secure it with cloth-backed double-faced tape. Apply enough tape to prevent shifting, while keeping it clear of the router’s path.

Choose the right router bit

Bit Bearing position Advantages Trade-offs
Bearing-guided flush-trim bit Bearing below the cutters On a router table, the template sits on top, improving visibility of the template edge and cut. The cutter must reach the workpiece thickness; a very thick blank may require a different setup or multiple operations.
Pattern bit Bearing above the cutters Useful when the cutter is shorter than the workpiece because the shape can be completed in two or three passes. Workpiece and template orientation must keep the bearing in contact with the template edge for each pass.

Both bits use the same principle: the bearing follows the template while the cutters remove the 1/16-inch or less of remaining stock. Select based on visibility, cutter length, and whether the workpiece must be trimmed in stages.

Set up a router table safely and accurately

  1. Install the selected bearing-guided bit and check that the bearing turns freely.
  2. Set the bit height so the bearing rides approximately in the middle of the template’s thickness. This keeps the bearing engaged while the cutters reach the blank.
  3. Use a starter pin only when it will not interfere with an inside cutout. A pin can support the work during the initial contact, but it must never be positioned where it blocks the opening or alters the intended cut.
  4. Test the setup on scrap or on a waste section of the blank. Confirm that the bearing contacts the template and that the cutters remove only the remaining stock.

Feed direction: outside edges versus inside cutouts

Trimming an outside edge

Feed the work right-to-left, or counterclockwise around the outside of the template. This conventional-feed direction keeps the router’s rotation pushing the work toward the template rather than away from it.

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Routing an inside cutout

For an interior opening, feed left-to-right, or clockwise around the cutout. The direction reverses because the relevant edge is now inside the opening.

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Move at a steady rate. Pausing in one spot can burn the edge; forcing the bit too quickly can overload the router or leave an uneven surface. Make additional light passes when cutter length or material thickness requires them.

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Common problems and corrections

  • The copies are not identical: Inspect the template edge for bumps, verify that each blank was rough-cut to within 1/16 inch, and re-secure any template that can shift.
  • The router leaves uncut stock: Recheck bit height and confirm that the bearing is riding the template, not a gap or piece of tape.
  • The edge burns: Keep the feed steady, avoid lingering at corners, and remove less stock per pass.
  • The bit cannot reach the full thickness: Use a pattern bit and complete the cut in two or three passes, or choose a cutter with suitable length.
  • An inside cutout is difficult to start: Drill a starter hole in the waste and use a starter pin only if it will not interfere with the cutout.
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A repeatable workflow

For dependable production, spend the precision time on one template: make its outline full size, cut close to the line, and sand it smooth. Then rough-cut all blanks to the same 1/16-inch allowance, tape each template firmly, set the bearing at mid-template height, and route with the correct feed direction. The template—not hand layout—then controls every finished edge.

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