For a smooth, consistent wood roundover, shape the curve first and use sandpaper to remove tool marks—not to create the whole profile. Keep pressure even, use backing that fits the curve, and sand to the same grit as the adjoining surfaces. For repeatable corner radii or a constant-radius fretboard, use a setup matched to that specific job.
Choose the method for the job
| Task | Suitable method | What to keep in mind |
|---|---|---|
| Smoothing an existing edge roundover | Hand-sand with paper and contour-appropriate backing | Keep pressure even and match the grit used on nearby flat surfaces. WOOD magazine’s contour-sanding guidance |
| Shaping a one-off roundover | Block plane, followed by brief hand sanding | Build the curve from an accurate chamfer and smaller facets before smoothing. Common Woodworking’s roundover guidance; Fine Woodworking’s block-plane method |
| Making repeated corner radii | Disc sander with a pivot-and-stop jig | The method supports repeatability; the example radius in WOOD magazine’s 2022 instructions is 3/4 inch, not a universal standard. WOOD magazine’s jig instructions |
| Sanding a guitar fretboard to a constant radius | Radius block or beam matched to the intended curve | Use straight, even lengthwise strokes without twisting the block. StewMac’s radius-beam guidance |
Sand an ordinary edge roundover
- Shape before sanding. Use a plane or another suitable shaping method to establish the curve. Sanding is generally the refinement stage; relying on sandpaper alone to form the entire radius can make it harder to keep the profile consistent. Fine Woodworking’s block-plane method
- Choose backing that follows the contour. For a simple edge, your hand can support the paper. For a tighter or more detailed curve, use shaped scrapwood, a dowel, or other backing that fits the profile. Uneven finger pressure can create ridges, so avoid pressing harder in isolated spots. WOOD magazine’s contour-sanding guidance
- Use controlled strokes. Work along the curve with steady pressure, checking the surface frequently. If a random-orbit sander has not reached part of the contour, finish that area by hand rather than forcing the machine onto a shape it does not follow. WOOD magazine’s contour-sanding guidance
- Match the adjoining surfaces. Finish the roundover at the same grit as the neighboring machine-sanded faces so the surfaces are ready for the same next finishing step. The appropriate grit depends on that surrounding sanding schedule; no single grit is established for every project. WOOD magazine’s contour-sanding guidance
Take extra care on end grain
End grain can be more prone to visible facets or fuzz. For an end-grain roundover, WOOD magazine recommends holding loose paper and moving it in a shoeshine motion to reduce the chance of leaving facets. If a plane shaped the curve, fine sandpaper may also be needed to remove end-grain fuzz. WOOD magazine’s contour-sanding guidance; Fine Woodworking’s block-plane method
Shape a roundover with a block plane
A block plane can create the curve directly, leaving sanding to smooth the facets and remove tool marks. Michael Pekovich’s Fine Woodworking method starts with a carefully laid-out primary chamfer, then removes the chamfer’s corners with smaller facets. Progressively lighter, lengthwise cuts blend those facets into a roundover. His central principle is that consistent curves begin with accurate chamfers. Fine Woodworking, March 18, 2021
Common Woodworking likewise recommends doing most of the shaping with the plane and using sandpaper briefly to smooth the result. Practice on both end grain and along the grain: the material’s grain direction affects how the shaped edge behaves and what cleanup it needs. Common Woodworking’s roundover guidance
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Make repeated corner radii with a disc-sander jig
When several workpieces need the same corner radius, a pivot-and-stop jig can guide the workpiece against a disc sander. WOOD magazine’s instructions use a plywood jig, a reference line, a pivot and a stop; the piece is rotated slowly against the disc until it reaches the stop. The worked example sets a 3/4-inch radius. That figure belongs to the example, so choose the radius required by your project rather than treating it as a default. WOOD magazine, Randy Maxey, updated July 27, 2022
Fit two mating curves without rounding their edges
When two curved parts must fit together, sanding one against the other can help refine the mating surfaces. Craig Thibodeau’s Fine Woodworking method uses adhesive 120-grit strips: attach the abrasive to one curve to work the other, then reverse the paper placement. Keep the pieces square as you work so their edges do not become rounded. The 120-grit specification is for this fitting method, not a general finishing recommendation. Fine Woodworking, August 12, 2019
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Sand a constant-radius guitar fretboard
A fretboard that needs a consistent radius is a specialized case, not an ordinary furniture-edge roundover. Use a radius block or beam that matches the intended curve. StewMac advises even lengthwise strokes, checking progress often and avoiding any twist in the block; it notes that a higher grit such as 220 may be used when heavy sanding is unnecessary. That guidance applies to fretboard work, not as a default grit or tool recommendation for general woodworking. StewMac’s radius-beam guidance
Quick Recap
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Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
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