Start with the building department responsible for the property—not the printer manufacturer or builder. Give officials the address and ask which code editions and local amendments apply, whether a 3D-printing appendix or standard has been adopted, and what technical evidence they will accept for the home’s exact wall system. Then compare the approved project documents with the system actually built, confirm required inspections, and obtain final approval before occupancy.
An ICC model-code appendix, technical standard, or evaluation report is not, by itself, proof that a particular home has local approval. The jurisdiction’s adopted requirements and project-specific review determine what is acceptable.
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1. Find out which rules apply at the property
Contact the building department with the property address. Ask for the adopted residential or building code edition, its effective date, applicable local amendments, the permit process, and the official assigned to review the project. Ask specifically whether the jurisdiction has adopted a 3D-printed-construction appendix or referenced a relevant standard—and whether it has modified those provisions.
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1Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute2Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems3Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesDo not assume that a provision in a model code applies in your town. For example, the 2023 City of Los Angeles Residential Code’s Appendix AW user note says: “The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency or referenced in the adopting ordinance.” That is wording from a Los Angeles code appendix, not a rule for every jurisdiction. The 2024 International Residential Code is also model-code text; a local government may use another edition or amend it.
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Ask the official to identify the code basis for this project in writing, including any alternate-method or evaluation-report process the jurisdiction uses for construction not covered prescriptively. A builder’s claim that a system is “code compliant” is not a substitute for finding out what the local official has accepted.
2. Identify the exact printed wall system
Approval depends on the assembly and how it is used, not just on the fact that concrete was printed. Obtain the construction drawings and a description detailed enough to compare with the scope of the proposed standard or evaluation report.
- Is each printed wall exterior or interior, bearing or non-bearing, or part of the lateral-force-resisting system?
- How many stories are planned, and what loads and site conditions were used in the design?
- What are the specified concrete or printable materials, reinforcement, grout or infill, and connection details?
- Which printer, process, and production parameters are part of the qualified system?
- How do the printed walls connect to the foundation, roof, openings, and any conventional framing?
Compare those details with the evaluation report’s scope and limitations. A report for a particular material, wall configuration, process, or structural role should not be treated as evidence for a different one without the official’s acceptance.
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3. Understand the technical route being proposed
Two ICC resources that may be relevant are AC509, an evaluation criterion, and ICC 1150-2026, a standard. They address overlapping but not identical subjects. Their existence does not establish local adoption or approval for an individual house.
| Resource | What the cited ICC material says it covers | What to verify for the project |
|---|---|---|
| ICC-ES AC509 | Evaluation criteria for 3D-printed concrete walls, developed under IBC Section 104.11; the described evaluation includes structural performance, fire safety, and durability. The listed version was approved in August 2023 and editorially revised in August 2024. | Confirm that the report is current for the proposed system and that its materials, wall design, process, conditions, and limitations match the plans. Ask the building official whether this report and evaluation route are acceptable locally. |
| ICC 1150-2026 | A standard addressing wall materials, qualification, inspection, structural design, and connections. ICC announced ANSI approval of its first edition on July 15, 2026; its published scope spans wall roles and one- or multi-story construction. | Check which edition, if any, the jurisdiction has adopted or referenced, and whether the project fits the standard’s stated scope. Do not infer approval from the standard’s publication or ANSI approval. |
ICC describes AC509 evaluation reports as a way to demonstrate code compliance, used primarily by code officials and structural engineers. That makes the report useful evidence to submit; it does not make the report a permit or compel a jurisdiction to accept it.
4. Request the plans, calculations, and quality records
Before construction—or, if you are buying a completed home, before relying on a compliance claim—ask for the project’s actual approval record and technical documents. The building department can tell you which items are required and which professional credentials or formats it expects.
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- Permit application, approved site plan, construction drawings, and revisions.
- Structural design and calculations for the printed walls, reinforcement, connections, and other structural elements.
- The applicable evaluation or research report, including its scope, limitations, and material properties.
- Material qualification and quality-assurance documentation for the specified printing process.
- Inspection records, test or verification reports, and evidence that required construction hold points were approved.
- Final inspection approval and the certificate of occupancy or equivalent local approval, if required.
Where Appendix AW or an equivalent provision has been adopted, check whether the design organization and construction process must be certified to UL 3401 and whether a UL 3401 report of findings must be submitted with the structural design and construction documents. Appendix AW in the Los Angeles code is an example of this kind of requirement, not evidence that another jurisdiction uses it.
Under applicable residential-code provisions, a permit application is accompanied by construction documents; the building official examines them and may request additional information. A product brochure, marketing claim, or general description of a printer does not establish that the project-specific documents were reviewed.
5. Check the whole building, not only the printed walls
A technical evaluation of printed walls does not automatically establish compliance for every part of a house. Ask how the permit review addresses the following items under the locally adopted code:
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- Foundation design, wall-to-foundation connections, roof support, and anchorage.
- Fire and smoke safety, insulation and energy requirements, and openings.
- Electrical, plumbing, and mechanical penetrations through or around printed assemblies.
- Egress and other applicable life-safety requirements.
- Site-specific loads and conditions, as reflected in the project’s structural design.
The cited Appendix AW directs compliance with its provisions and other applicable code requirements. The official should identify how those building-wide requirements apply to the particular design.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.6. Get the inspection sequence before printing begins
Ask the building department which inspections are required, when work must stop for approval, and what records the inspector will need. Depending on the adopted code and approved plans, relevant checks may include equipment and material verification, process parameters, reinforcement or infill, concealed work, connections, and final inspection. Appendix AW provides an example of inspections checking production equipment, parameters, and materials against the report of findings.
Settle the sequence before construction so that critical work is not concealed before inspection. Under the cited 2024 IRC provisions, work cannot proceed past required inspection points without approval. Local adoption and amendments determine the applicable rule for the property.
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7. Verify final approval before anyone moves in
For a completed home, match the final built work to the approved plans and revisions, then confirm the permit file shows required inspections and sign-offs. Ask the jurisdiction whether it issued a certificate of occupancy or another approval required before use. The cited 2024 IRC requires a certificate of occupancy before use or occupancy where that provision applies; confirm the rule and document with the local building department.
If you are buying, request the permit and occupancy records from the seller or builder and verify them directly with the department. If records are missing or the constructed system differs from the approved drawings, ask the official what review, documentation, or corrective work is required rather than treating a technical report as retroactive approval.
Quick Recap
Questions to ask the building official
- Which adopted code edition and local amendments govern this address?
- Has the jurisdiction adopted a 3D-printing appendix or referenced ICC 1150, AC509, or another evaluation route?
- What exact drawings, calculations, evaluation reports, and qualifications are required for this wall system?
- Which inspection hold points and quality records apply during printing and construction?
- What final inspection and occupancy documents must be issued before the home is used?
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