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Insulated metal panels (IMPs) are used in some electric-vehicle battery projects both on the plant’s exterior and as walls or ceilings around controlled production spaces. They can form part of an efficient building envelope, but a panel alone does not create a compliant dry room or cleanroom: the complete assembly and the way it is designed, installed, and commissioned must meet the project’s requirements.
Project examples show how widely those requirements can differ. An exterior manufacturing building, an ISO-classified cleanroom, and a very low-humidity dry room are different environments, so their panel systems should not be treated as interchangeable. The cited projects illustrate possible applications and specifications—not a universal standard or a ranking of products.
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Where are insulated metal panels used in EV battery plants?
IMPs appear in at least two distinct roles: as part of the industrial building’s exterior envelope and as interior walls or ceilings for cleanrooms and dry rooms. A facility may use panels in both places, but the performance targets for the outer shell and for a controlled production area can be very different.
For an exterior example, Kingspan’s case study for SK Battery America in Commerce, Georgia, describes 456,000 square feet of its KS Micro-Rib panels with QuadCore. The company says CladAxis installed the panels and describes the envelope as airtight and efficient, with reduced thermal bridging. Those are the manufacturer’s statements about its project and products, not independent measurements of energy savings at the operating facility. Read the SK Battery America case study.
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A separate Kingspan article about the same plant says its 2.4-million-square-foot building envelope used over one million square feet of KS Micro-Rib panels with QuadCore. That is a different figure from the 456,000-square-foot total in the case study. The sources do not explain the difference, so the two quantities should remain separately attributed rather than combined or reconciled by assumption. The separate Battery Belt article provides the second figure.
Interior applications are documented in cleanroom and dry-room projects. Hodess reports that its Asahi Kasei Project Eagle scope in Port Colborne, Ontario, included interior IMPs and ceiling systems in classified and Clean Not Classified (CNC) spaces. The contractor’s case study describes 27,000 square feet of ISO 8 cleanroom space within a 50,000-square-foot total project scope, as well as 32 commissioned air showers. These are project-specific figures, not typical sizes for battery facilities. See Hodess’s Project Eagle description.
Hodess describes a much larger and more tightly controlled application at Ford Blue Oval City in Tennessee: a 1,500,000-square-foot lithium-ion battery manufacturing facility whose scope consisted entirely of ISO Class 7 dry rooms. The case study gives design conditions of 30% relative humidity and a -40°C dew point. It also identifies IMP perimeter walls and ceiling systems, structural framing at door openings, and seismic supports for the panel assemblies. These details show that panels are one element in a coordinated room and support system, not a stand-alone room specification. Read the Ford Blue Oval City project case study.
Not every battery-related building uses panels in the same way. A U.S. Department of Energy environmental assessment dated June 2024 describes the PyroThin aerogel manufacturing facility for EV battery safety. Its main manufacturing building has an insulated metal exterior and is divided into casting, extraction, and oven areas, with a separate utilities building and supporting chemical-storage and process systems. That is an official description of one facility, not a template for every battery plant. Consult the Department of Energy assessment.
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For broader context, Walbridge lists insulated metal wall panels among the building components at an Arizona electric-vehicle assembly, body, and paint facility completed in December 2020. That example concerns EV manufacturing generally, not specifically a battery-cell plant. See Walbridge’s facility profile.
Why do battery rooms have different panel requirements?
Because the process environment determines the room’s target conditions. A general exterior wall does not, by itself, meet the cleanliness, humidity, dew-point, fire, or structural requirements that may apply inside a battery-production space.
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At the UK Battery Industrialisation Centre (UKBIC), Stancold describes an ISO 8 cleanroom condition, supply dew point of -73°C and return dew point of -60°C, temperature of 21 +/-2°C, and ambient humidity as low as 0.5%. The case study also reports a 60-minute fire rating and says the design combined insulated and fire-rated products. Its free-spanning panels exceeded 9 metres. These are reported project conditions, not default requirements for other facilities. See Stancold’s UKBIC case study.
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That range of examples matters at the design stage. A specification should identify which zones need controlled conditions and what those conditions are, rather than treating “battery plant” as one uniform room type. It should also make clear what performance is required from the complete construction assembly and how compliance will be verified. The case studies do not establish a single correct panel build-up for every process or jurisdiction.
What should a project team specify beyond the panel?
Specify and coordinate the assembly, interfaces, and project conditions—not just the panel product. The cited projects highlight several issues that can affect the choice and detailing of walls and ceilings:
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- Thermal and air performance: Establish the building envelope’s actual requirements. Kingspan promotes airtightness, thermal performance, reduced thermal bridging, and faster construction as benefits of its IMP systems. Those are vendor-described benefits; the cited sources do not establish an independently verified, generally applicable energy-savings figure for battery factories.
- Humidity, dew point, and cleanliness: Define the conditions for each controlled space and its classification, as applicable. The ISO classes and moisture figures in the case studies are project specifications, not interchangeable panel ratings.
- Fire evidence and code review: Ask for documentation applicable to the proposed product, complete assembly, intended use, and jurisdiction. Kingspan says its QuadCore core has been tested to NFPA 285; Stancold reports a 60-minute fire requirement at UKBIC and a mix of insulated and fire-rated products. Neither example establishes that every IMP or assembly meets the same test or rating.
- Structural spans and supports: Confirm how the panels are supported, including the design around long spans and door openings. Stancold reports free spans exceeding 9 metres at UKBIC; the Ford project description calls out structural framing at doors and seismic supports. These are examples of project-specific detailing, not span or support recommendations for another building.
- Openings and penetrations: Coordinate doors and other interruptions with the wall and ceiling system. Ford’s case study explicitly includes framing at door openings, underscoring that the surrounding structure is part of the design.
- Installation and commissioning: Define sequencing, interfaces, and the checks needed to show that the completed controlled space meets its specified conditions. Hodess reports commissioning 32 air showers at Project Eagle, illustrating that a project’s controlled-space scope includes systems beyond the panels themselves.
- Surface and maintenance needs: Confirm that finishes and details suit the room’s cleanliness and operation requirements, and determine how the completed assembly will be maintained. The available project examples do not prescribe a universal finish or maintenance regime.
These questions are useful comparison axes for candidate systems, but the case studies do not establish a universal winner or comparative installed cost. The right design depends on the process, the building, the local code context, and the evidence available for the proposed assembly.
What do the project examples prove—and what do they not prove?
They document real project uses and reported project requirements; they do not measure how common IMPs are across the industry or establish a standard design. No representative industry-wide statistic on IMP use in EV battery factories is available in the cited sources.
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The numbers must be kept in context. Kingspan gives two different panel-area figures for SK Battery America on separate pages: 456,000 square feet in its case study and over one million square feet in its Battery Belt article. The published material does not explain the discrepancy. Hodess’s Project Eagle figures describe one Ontario cleanroom project; its Ford Blue Oval City figures describe a different Tennessee dry-room scope. Stancold’s UKBIC values belong to a UK project. None should be presented as an industry average.
Likewise, performance language requires attribution. A manufacturer’s statement that a panel system can reduce thermal bridging or building energy use is not the same as a measured operating result for a particular factory. The available sources do not provide an independent, broadly applicable energy-savings figure. Fire performance also belongs to the tested and documented assembly and its intended application, rather than to the generic label “insulated metal panel.”
How should owners and designers use this evidence?
Use case studies to identify questions for the design team, not to copy a system specification without checking project conditions. Start with the plant’s process zones and their required environmental conditions, then evaluate the proposed wall and ceiling assemblies against those requirements, applicable fire and building codes, structural support needs, openings, installation sequencing, and commissioning plan.
For each proposed system, request project-relevant technical and test documentation and confirm that it covers the assembly and jurisdiction in question. Coordinate panel details with the structural and building systems that interact with them, especially at openings and supports. Finally, define how the completed room’s required conditions will be verified. A product’s stated properties or a successful case study elsewhere do not substitute for project-specific design review and acceptance.
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In short, IMPs can contribute to both the outer envelope and the controlled interior of an EV battery facility, but the application dictates the specification. The panel is one part of a larger building and process-control solution.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are IMPs the same thing as a cleanroom or dry-room system?
No. An IMP is a building component used within a larger enclosure, while a cleanroom or dry room is a controlled space with defined environmental requirements. Project descriptions show panels alongside supporting structure, controlled-space systems, openings, and commissioning work.
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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDoes an ISO class tell me the room’s dew point?
No single ISO classification in the cited project descriptions supplies a dew-point value. Treat cleanliness classification and moisture-control conditions as separate requirements, and confirm both for each process zone.
Can a panel fire-test claim be used as proof that my whole wall complies?
Not on its own. Request evidence for the proposed assembly and its intended use, then have the project team assess it against the codes and requirements that apply at the facility location.
Do the cited panel-area totals show how much IMP a typical EV battery plant needs?
No. The figures are project-specific, and the two published SK Battery America totals differ without an explanation in the sources. They cannot be used as an industry average or a sizing rule.
