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For a typical home garden, plant potato seed pieces 10–12 inches apart in the row and leave 24–36 inches between rows. These are separate measurements, and the best spacing can vary with your cultivar, harvest goal, and region.
How to measure potato spacing
- In-row spacing: the distance from one seed piece or plant to the next along the same row.
- Row spacing: the distance between adjacent rows.
For a general home-garden starting point, Illinois Extension recommends 10–12 inches in-row and 24–36 inches between rows (Potato | Home Vegetable Gardening). Washington State University Extension gives the same general ranges (Growing Potatoes in Home Gardens).
Adjust spacing for the potatoes you want
For smaller or new potatoes
Closer in-row spacing is often used when the goal is smaller potatoes or an early harvest. Maryland Extension suggests about 9 inches between plants when primarily harvesting new potatoes. UC IPM recommends 6–12 inches between seed pieces or whole small seed potatoes and notes that closer spacing produces smaller harvested potatoes (Potatoes – Planting). These are general relationships, not a guarantee of a particular potato size.
For larger storage potatoes
Give plants more room in the row if you are aiming for large potatoes to store. Maryland Extension recommends 8–12 inches as a general range and says spacing can be increased to as much as 20 inches for large storage potatoes (Growing Potatoes in a Home Garden).
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- VARIETY TYPE: Yukon Gold is a determinate potato variety, meaning tubers form in one main layer near the seed piece and mature uniformly for a concentrated harvest window, ideal for home gardens and raised beds
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For compact-vine cultivars
Washington State University Extension gives a closer range of 6–8 inches for cultivars with smaller vines that produce fewer tubers. Check guidance for your variety rather than assuming every potato plant needs the same distance.
Why recommendations vary by region
Local climate and growing conditions affect planting advice. For example, UF/IFAS recommends 6–8 inches in-row and at least 36 inches between rows for Florida home gardens (Potatoes). Georgia Extension’s Colquitt County guidance recommends 7–8 inches in-row and 24–36 inches between rows (Vegetable Gardening). These regional ranges are not interchangeable rules for every garden; follow your local extension service where available.
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Row spacing also affects how plants shade the soil. Illinois Extension notes that 24-inch row spacing can help plants shade soil and prevent high soil temperatures that inhibit tuber development.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Planting and hilling considerations
- Choose certified seed potatoes suited to your region, and check local planting guidance for the variety.
- Lay out rows 24–36 inches apart as a general starting point, unless your local recommendation differs.
- Place seed pieces 10–12 inches apart in each row, adjusting closer for a smaller or new-potato harvest or farther apart for large storage potatoes.
- Hill soil around growing plants according to local guidance. Hilling gives tubers room to develop, improves drainage, and helps protect tubers from sunlight and greening, as Utah State University Extension explains (Potatoes in the Garden).
Hilling is not a reason to apply one universal extra spacing allowance: extension sources describe its benefits but do not set a single spacing adjustment for it.
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