Ellinikon Metropolitan Park is being planned as a climate-action landscape, not as a park with a publicly demonstrated carbon-positive balance. LAMDA describes net-zero goals for embodied and operational emissions, reclaimed water for irrigation, climate-risk planning and extensive green infrastructure. The 2024 American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) award description says the design team explored a carbon-positive, low-water landscape and an urban heat refuge. Those statements describe ambitions, design work and targets. The sources available do not publish a verified, park-specific inventory showing that the Metropolitan Park has already removed more carbon than it emits.
That distinction matters for anyone evaluating a large construction project. A tree count, a two-million-square-metre site or a sustainability label is not, by itself, a carbon account. The useful question is how the project intends to reduce embodied and operational emissions, improve water and ecological performance, and then measure whether those intentions are delivered.
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What the Ellinikon Metropolitan Park is
The Ellinikon Metropolitan Park is the principal public green-space component of The Ellinikon redevelopment on the former Athens airport site. The project description presents it as the new city’s central open space and as a pedestrian and cycling link between the redevelopment and the beachfront. LAMDA Development’s Sustainable Development Report gives the planned Metropolitan Park area as 2 million square metres. The figure is a plan value reported in a 2025 document whose text discusses project reporting and certification in 2024; it should not be read as proof that the entire park is complete or open.
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Several figures often quoted alongside the park are wider Ellinikon targets rather than measurements of this one landscape. LAMDA’s current sustainability page, accessed in 2026, states targets for 600,000 square metres of open green spaces, 50 kilometres of pedestrian and cycling paths and one kilometre of newly developed, freely accessible beach. Those numbers describe the broader redevelopment and should not be substituted for the Metropolitan Park’s planned area.
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Do not confuse the Metropolitan Park with the Experience Park
The Ellinikon Experience Park is a smaller, separately described park component. LAMDA’s sustainability report attributes to it 75,000 square metres, more than 900 new trees and 80,000 low-growing plants, together with SITES Gold certification reported in 2024. None of those figures establishes the size, planting total or certification status of the full Metropolitan Park. Keeping the two components separate prevents a real achievement in one part of the redevelopment from being presented as an outcome for the entire planned park.
What “carbon positive” means in this project
In ordinary climate accounting, a carbon-positive claim requires a defined boundary and period, a calculation of emissions and removals, and a transparent method for comparing them. For a park, that boundary could include construction materials and earthworks (embodied carbon), energy used in lighting, pumping and buildings (operational carbon), maintenance equipment, purchased water, transport and changes in soil or vegetation carbon. A credible claim would identify a baseline, the accounting scopes, the treatment of future sequestration and the point at which removals are counted.
The Ellinikon material does not provide those numbers for the Metropolitan Park. ASLA’s 2024 professional-awards description characterises carbon positivity as a design goal developed through climate-action planning. LAMDA’s sustainability page describes an objective to achieve net zero for embodied and operational carbon emissions, maximise energy efficiency and renewable energy, and map climate risks and opportunities. It also says scope 1, 2 and 3 greenhouse-gas emissions will be monitored and reduced in accordance with ISO 14064. These are commitments and intended methods, not a published net balance.
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- Targets are not results: “Carbon-positive” in the award description expresses the ambition that guided design decisions; it does not demonstrate net atmospheric removal.
- Area is not sequestration: Two million square metres says how much land is planned, not how much carbon the soils and plants will store.
- Planting counts are not a balance: Tree and understory numbers can support habitat and shade while their carbon uptake varies by species, survival, growth, irrigation and maintenance.
- Net zero and carbon positive differ: Net zero normally means emissions and removals balance within a stated boundary; carbon positive implies a net removal beyond that balance.
How the climate-action planning was assembled
ASLA describes a landscape-architect-led process that treated carbon as one part of a wider climate system. The team researched the carbon-sequestration capacity of local ecosystems, water systems, local industrial ecology and opportunities to reuse materials. Benchmarking and interactive digital tools were used to show the client how different choices could support more ambitious goals. The result is a framework connecting carbon, heat, water, biodiversity and resource flows rather than treating a park as a planting exercise.
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That approach is especially relevant to construction decisions. Early choices about demolition, excavation, imported soil, paving, structural material and irrigation infrastructure can lock in emissions long before a park opens. A climate-action process gives those choices a common set of questions: Can an existing material remain in use? Can a local ecological process replace a high-energy engineered system? Can the operating energy and water demand be reduced before renewable supply is added?
Design strategies described for the park
Urban forestry and climate refuge
Sasaki’s project feature brings together urban forestry, green infrastructure and outdoor public destinations. In a hot Mediterranean city, a connected tree canopy and planted soils can provide shade, reduce surface temperatures and make walking more comfortable. ASLA describes an intended “urban heat refuge.” That is a resilience function: it can reduce exposure during hot weather even though the sources do not quantify a temperature reduction or assign a carbon value to the canopy.
Salt-marsh restoration and water systems
The design approach includes salt-marsh restoration and destination fountains. Restored wetland systems can support habitat, slow and filter water, and create a more diverse landscape than a purely ornamental planting scheme. Their carbon performance depends on the soils, hydrology and long-term management actually delivered. The project descriptions present restoration as a proposed strategy, not as measured sequestration.
Material reuse and local industrial ecology
Material reuse appears in ASLA’s description of the climate-action planning and Sasaki’s description. Reusing suitable materials can avoid the emissions associated with manufacturing and transporting replacements, while an industrial-ecology lens looks for useful flows between demolition, construction and landscape works. To verify a benefit, a project would need quantities, sources, processing energy and a comparison with the conventional alternative; those figures are not published for the Metropolitan Park in the cited material.
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Food, energy and event uses
Sasaki also describes food and energy production and outdoor event venues. These uses make the park a working civic landscape rather than a passive lawn. Their climate value depends on the systems selected, their energy demand and how they are operated. The descriptions establish design intent, not a measured reduction in greenhouse gases.
Soil, biomass and native planting
LAMDA’s sustainability report describes soil-improvement studies, vegetation and soil management, biomass reinforcement to support ecological productivity and habitat diversity, and a preference for native plants suited to the local climate. It also sets goals to preserve existing natural areas and restore or enrich degraded areas. For construction teams, soil handling is consequential: stripping, storage, amendment, compaction and re-spreading determine whether planted areas can support the intended ecology. Native, climate-suited species may reduce replacement irrigation and losses, but performance still depends on establishment and maintenance.
Water strategy and the “smart” park
LAMDA’s current sustainability page states a target to meet 100% of The Ellinikon Park’s irrigation-water demand with reclaimed water. The page does not present this as a measured operating result for the Metropolitan Park. Reclaimed supply can reduce pressure on potable sources, but a complete assessment would also examine treatment energy, storage, distribution losses, salinity and drought-year reliability.
In a park announcement, LAMDA describes a proposed “smart” park whose lighting intensity changes with season and time of day. The announcement also describes continuous environmental monitoring intended to reduce energy and water consumption. These controls can make demand responsive to actual conditions; the announcement does not report measured savings, baseline consumption or a commissioning date.
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What should be monitored on a project like this?
- Irrigation volumes by source, including reclaimed-water share and potable-water backup.
- Electricity for lighting, pumping, fountains, buildings and event infrastructure, separated by use.
- Soil moisture, plant survival, canopy development and replacement rates.
- Surface and air temperatures in shaded and unshaded public areas.
- Material quantities reused on site and the energy required to process them.
- Scope 1, 2 and 3 greenhouse-gas emissions under a declared ISO 14064-aligned method.
What the available figures do—and do not—prove
| Figure or claim | What it refers to | How to interpret it |
|---|---|---|
| 2 million m² | Planned Metropolitan Park area in LAMDA’s Sustainable Development Report, surfaced in 2025 | Project scale; not a carbon-removal result and not proof of completion |
| 100% reclaimed irrigation target | Current LAMDA sustainability-page target for The Ellinikon Park | A stated water-supply objective; no operating savings are reported |
| 600,000 m² of open green spaces | Broader Ellinikon project target on LAMDA’s current sustainability page | Do not equate automatically with the Metropolitan Park area |
| 50 km of paths | Broader project target for pedestrian and cycling routes | An access and mobility target, not a carbon metric |
| 1 km of beach | Broader project target for newly developed, freely accessible beach | Public-access scope, not evidence of carbon positivity |
| 75,000 m², 900+ trees, 80,000 low-growing plants | Ellinikon Experience Park figures in LAMDA’s sustainability report | Experience Park data; not totals for the Metropolitan Park |
| SITES Gold, 2024 | Certification reported for the Experience Park | Do not present it as certification of the Metropolitan Park |
How to evaluate carbon claims as construction progresses
1. Ask for the accounting boundary
Find out whether a number covers only park works or the wider redevelopment, and whether it includes construction, maintenance, visitor travel, leased facilities and end-of-life replacement. Without a boundary, two apparently comparable carbon figures may measure different projects.
2. Separate embodied and operational emissions
Embodied emissions arise from materials, transport, processing and construction. Operational emissions arise after opening from lighting, pumping, irrigation, buildings and maintenance. LAMDA’s stated net-zero objective covers both categories; a report that shows only one cannot establish a whole-project result.
3. Treat sequestration as a measured, time-dependent estimate
Vegetation and soils accumulate carbon over time and can also lose it through drought, fire, disease, disturbance or replacement. A defensible estimate identifies species, planting density, soil assumptions, survival, growth period and permanence. No such park-specific sequestration total is supplied in the cited sources.
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Look for as-built areas, material quantities, irrigation commissioning records, energy meters, planting-survival surveys and maintenance data. A proposed strategy becomes evidence only when the installed system and its performance are documented.
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Where to verify future performance
LAMDA’s public documents page lists environmental-management and monitoring data and annual environmental reports for calendar years 2024 and 2025. Those underlying reports are the appropriate place to check numerical emissions, energy, water or ecological results. The document listing itself does not substantiate a particular outcome, so any published figure should be read with its boundary, method, date and geography.
For a rigorous review, record whether each statement is a target, a design proposal, a certification or a measured result. Also note whether it applies to the Metropolitan Park, the Experience Park or the wider Ellinikon development. This simple classification prevents the most common overstatement: turning an ambitious landscape plan into proof of carbon positivity.
What this means for builders, designers and public clients
- Set carbon requirements before procurement: Require material quantities, reuse plans and embodied-carbon calculations alongside drawings.
- Protect ecological performance during earthworks: Manage topsoil, compaction, drainage and existing natural areas as project assets.
- Commission water and controls: Reclaimed-water networks, sensors and adaptive lighting need testing, metering and operating responsibility.
- Design for maintenance: Native planting and biomass goals depend on irrigation, replacement, pruning and soil care over many years.
- Publish results with context: Report scopes, boundaries, baselines and dates so targets can be compared with actual performance.
Ellinikon’s planning is significant because it joins these decisions into one climate-action agenda: lower embodied and operational carbon, resilient water systems, habitat and soil restoration, material reuse, shade and public access. Its carbon-positive language should be read as the direction of travel established by the design team and client—not as a demonstrated operating balance for the Metropolitan Park.
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