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BETTESWORTHConstruction
AGC

How Contractors Can Use AGC’s GHG Decarbonization Playbook on Projects

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AGC’s decarbonization playbook is a practical starting point for project-level greenhouse-gas accounting, not a new regulation. Announced April 22, 2024, by the Associated General Contractors of America (AGC), it is intended to help contractors and their project partners agree on who is accountable for emissions, document that allocation, decide which data to collect, and identify realistic reduction actions. Reporting duties still depend on the owner, contract, jurisdiction, financing requirements and project-specific commitments.

What AGC released and what it is meant to solve

AGC described the playbook as a resource written by contractors for contractors to assess, track and reduce emissions from construction projects. Chief executive officer Jeff Shoaf said, “This new tool will help firms understand the basics of tracking carbon emissions, including who is responsible for those emissions, how to track them and what are the best ways to cut them.” The emphasis is operational: establish an accountable process that a project team can actually use, rather than publish a universal emissions target or prescribe one method for every job.

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The release addresses a problem many contractors encounter before they ever calculate a tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent: several organizations influence the same emissions, but the contract does not clearly say who must measure them, retain the evidence or act on the result. A general contractor may control site logistics and equipment while a trade contractor buys a material, a supplier arranges delivery and the owner specifies the product. If nobody records those boundaries, data arrive late, overlap or do not arrive at all.

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AGC’s process begins with a written agreement among project partners. The team identifies each emissions source, assigns an accountable party for the activity and for the underlying data, and records what will happen if information is unavailable. AGC says this early allocation can limit surprises and risk. It also gives a project manager a defensible explanation for why a number appears in a report and which organization can change it.

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The playbook and an AGC Construction Carbon Emissions Calculator are available through AGC’s resource page after submitting contact and organization details. The calculator is intended to support the accounting process; access to it does not itself create a reporting requirement.

Why responsibility must be settled before data collection

“Project emissions” are not automatically the same as a contractor’s corporate inventory. A project team should first define the physical work and reporting period, then decide which emissions are included and how shared activities are handled. The owner may require a whole-project figure, while a contractor may only control its own operations. Both can be valid if the boundary is stated.

Use a responsibility record that names, at minimum:

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  • the emissions source and the activity that causes it;
  • the organization that controls or purchases the activity;
  • the person responsible for obtaining the data;
  • the evidence that will be retained, such as invoices, meter readings, delivery records or environmental product declarations (EPDs);
  • the calculation method and units;
  • the date or frequency for submission;
  • the reviewer who checks the result; and
  • the action owner if a reduction opportunity is identified.

Responsibility should follow control where possible. A subcontractor operating its own cranes may supply fuel records, while the site team supplies electricity from a temporary meter. A supplier may provide an EPD for a product, but the contractor still needs to record the quantity installed and the product version used. When control and data possession differ, assign both roles rather than assuming one party can perform both.

What the playbook’s emissions categories cover

The detailed categories below come from an AGC-hosted excerpt explicitly labeled prepublication. They should be treated as the scope described in that excerpt, not as proof that every item appears identically in a final edition or in every owner’s reporting specification.

Category Typical project data Questions to settle with partners
A1–A3: materials Material types and quantities, with environmental product declaration data where available; manufacturing emissions for products such as concrete, steel, asphalt and flat glass may be relevant. Who selects or approves the product? Who obtains the current EPD? Who verifies the delivered quantity and product identity?
A4: transport to the jobsite Movement of materials to the site, including shipment distance, mode, load information and fuel or carrier data when available. Does the supplier, carrier, subcontractor or general contractor have the most reliable distance and load records? How are split or partial loads treated?
A5: construction activity Jobsite fuel, electricity and gas; water use; waste and waste transport; and craftworker commuting. Which meters, fuel cards, waste tickets, utility bills or workforce surveys cover the reporting period? Who controls temporary power, shared equipment and commuting assumptions?

The release also describes calculator resources for emissions associated with manufacturing key materials, transporting materials and operating equipment on the jobsite. That framing does not establish a quantified ranking among materials, machines or practices. A project should use the factors and assumptions appropriate to its accounting method and disclose material data gaps.

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A practical workflow for a project team

1. Define the project boundary and objective

Record the project name, location, contract phase, reporting period, included construction activities and intended audience. State whether the result is for internal management, an owner report, a certification submission, financing documentation or another purpose. Confirm any owner-prescribed protocol before selecting factors or exclusions.

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2. Hold a responsibility meeting

Bring the owner, design representatives, general contractor, major trade contractors, suppliers and, where relevant, the waste hauler or logistics provider into the same discussion. Walk through A1–A5 and mark who controls each activity, who can access the evidence and who approves substitutions. Put the decisions in the project management system or a signed responsibility matrix.

3. Build a source register

Create one row for every material stream and activity. Useful fields include source, responsible organization, data owner, unit, quantity, factor or EPD reference, reporting period, evidence location, confidence level and reviewer. Separate measured values from estimates so later corrections do not erase the original assumption.

4. Gather primary data first

Request quantities from purchase orders, takeoffs, delivery tickets and installed-quantity records. Ask manufacturers or suppliers for the EPD applicable to the exact product and manufacturing facility where that information is required. Collect fuel-card statements, equipment-hour logs, temporary-power bills, water bills, waste tickets and transport records. For commuting, document the survey period, response rate and assumptions rather than presenting an estimate as a meter reading.

5. Calculate consistently

Use the AGC calculator where it fits the project’s agreed method, and preserve the input file or export with the project records. Keep units visible at every step: for example, litres of diesel, kilowatt-hours of electricity, cubic metres of concrete or tonnes of waste. Do not mix a product-specific EPD with a generic factor without recording the reason and the resulting boundary.

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6. Run quality checks

Check that quantities reconcile with procurement and installed work, delivery totals are plausible for the schedule, fuel use is not duplicated between equipment logs and invoices, and waste quantities are consistent with haul tickets. Have a person who did not enter the data review unusual changes, missing months and unit conversions. Record corrections as dated revisions.

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7. Agree on reduction actions

Use the completed source register to identify activities the team can influence. Potential actions include proposing lower-carbon material alternatives, reducing idling and improving equipment efficiency, optimizing deliveries, reducing waste and improving jobsite energy management. Evaluate each proposal for design approval, cost, schedule, safety, availability and performance requirements. The AGC materials do not provide a quantified ranking of these strategies, so do not claim a percentage reduction until the project has calculated and verified it.

8. Report and close out

Issue a report that states the boundary, period, data sources, assumptions, exclusions, responsible parties, quality checks and actions taken. At closeout, archive invoices, EPDs, calculator outputs, survey methods and approval records so the final number can be explained or updated.

Responsibility by source: a decision framework

The following framework is an implementation aid derived from the playbook’s focus on accountability and data collection; it is not an AGC scoring system.

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Source Best first contact Evidence to request Likely action lever
Material manufacture Purchasing lead, supplier and design approver Quantity records and product-specific EPD, if available Review approved alternatives and avoid over-ordering
Material transport Supplier, carrier or logistics coordinator Origin, destination, distance, mode, load and delivery tickets Consolidate or sequence deliveries and reduce empty travel
Jobsite fuel Equipment owner and site superintendent Fuel invoices, tank readings, telematics or equipment logs Reduce idling, maintain equipment and select efficient operating practices
Jobsite electricity and gas Site utilities coordinator Utility bills, temporary-meter readings and generator records Manage temporary power, controls and operating hours
Water Site facilities or environmental lead Meter readings, utility bills and documented estimates Repair leaks and manage high-use activities
Waste and waste transport Waste coordinator and hauler Weight tickets, container logs, destination and transport records Prevent waste, improve segregation and reduce unnecessary haulage
Craftworker commuting Project team with trade-contractor input Clearly documented survey or stated assumptions Improve coordination and consider lower-travel work planning where feasible

Setting up an in-house reporting process

The prepublication excerpt describes reporting as a data and governance task, not simply a spreadsheet exercise. A small firm can begin with one accountable coordinator and expand roles as the number of projects grows.

People and procedures

  • Assign an executive sponsor who can resolve disputes about scope and resources.
  • Name a project-level data owner and a reviewer for every reporting period.
  • Write procedures for requesting data, naming files, approving estimates, handling missing information and retaining evidence.
  • Tell project managers and project teams what must be captured at purchase, delivery, installation and closeout rather than trying to reconstruct everything later.

Aggregation and quality control

If a firm wants portfolio-level information, standardize units, source definitions, reporting periods and treatment of estimates before adding projects together. Keep project-level records underneath the aggregate so an outlier can be traced to a specific activity. Schedule quality checks at the same time as cost and schedule reviews, when the relevant staff are already examining project performance.

Training and technical support

Training should cover basic life-cycle-assessment concepts, reading an EPD, unit conversion, data-quality judgments and the project’s chosen calculation method. Familiarity with rating systems such as LEED, Envision and WELL can be helpful when a project uses one, but participation in a rating system is not established as a universal requirement. The excerpt also mentions reporting software and consultants as possible resources without naming or endorsing a vendor. Select outside help only after defining the boundary, outputs, data ownership and quality expectations.

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Using the AGC calculator without losing project context

A calculator can make arithmetic repeatable, but it cannot decide who owns a source or whether an input represents the work actually performed. Before entering numbers, label each input with its source, unit, period and confidence. Save the supporting record with the calculator output. If an input is estimated, identify the estimating basis and plan how it will be replaced by primary data.

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Use separate versions when a design change, approved substitution or revised delivery quantity changes the result. Compare versions only when the boundary and calculation method remain consistent. A lower total may reflect omitted data rather than an improvement, so review completeness before celebrating a reduction.

What the release does not establish

  • It does not make project-level greenhouse-gas reporting a legal obligation for every contractor or project.
  • It does not assign the same responsibility to every organization or contract structure.
  • It does not publish a quantified performance ranking for concrete, steel, asphalt, glass, equipment or a particular operating practice.
  • It does not name a required reporting-software or consulting provider.
  • It does not replace an owner’s contract requirements, a jurisdiction’s rules or a project’s selected accounting protocol.

AGC’s 2025 report said the playbook had been downloaded nearly 800 times by the time of that report. That is an AGC-reported download count, not evidence that the resource produced a particular emissions reduction or that users followed one common method.

Common implementation failures and fixes

Waiting until closeout

Symptom: invoices, EPDs and waste tickets are missing or impossible to match to installed work. Fix: make data requests part of purchasing, delivery and monthly project reviews.

Assigning a source to the party with the spreadsheet

Symptom: a coordinator is held responsible for data that another organization controls. Fix: document separate activity ownership, data ownership and approval responsibility.

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Mixing boundaries

Symptom: a subcontractor’s fuel is counted in one section while the same equipment appears in a general-contractor total. Fix: define inclusion rules, tag every source and perform a duplication check before reporting.

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Treating estimates as facts

Symptom: commuting, transport distance or temporary-power values appear precise despite weak evidence. Fix: disclose the assumption, uncertainty and replacement plan.

Claiming a reduction without a like-for-like baseline

Symptom: a design change is called a carbon saving even though quantities, factors or scope changed. Fix: preserve the baseline, use the same boundary and explain every material change.

How to start on the next project

  1. Obtain the AGC playbook and calculator through AGC’s official resource page and confirm the current access requirements.
  2. Add a project-carbon responsibility workshop to the mobilization schedule.
  3. Issue a one-page source register covering materials, transport and A5 activities.
  4. Assign named owners and reviewers, with deadlines tied to procurement and monthly reporting.
  5. Test the process on one reporting period, correct gaps, then expand it to the full project.

This sequence turns the release into a manageable contractor practice: agree on accountability first, collect evidence while work is occurring, check the numbers and then use the results to choose actions the project can control.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is AGC’s decarbonization playbook a mandatory emissions rule?

No. AGC released it as a contractor resource. Whether a project must report emissions depends on its contract, owner requirements, financing, jurisdiction and other project-specific commitments.

Which construction emissions does the AGC excerpt identify?

The prepublication excerpt identifies A1–A3 material manufacture and quantities, A4 transport to the jobsite, and A5 construction fuel, electricity, gas, water, waste, waste transport and craftworker commuting.

Does the AGC calculator prove that one material or machine is lower carbon?

No. The materials reviewed do not provide a quantified comparative ranking. A project must use consistent boundaries, appropriate product data and documented assumptions before comparing alternatives.

What should a small contractor assign first?

Assign one accountable coordinator, a project data owner and an independent reviewer, then document procedures for collecting, checking and retaining source records.

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