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The groundbreaking for B2, the 32-story residential tower at 461 Dean Street in Brooklyn, took place on December 18, 2012. The project was billed as the world’s tallest modular building, but it did not open on its original 2014 schedule: construction was interrupted by delays and a contractor dispute, and the completed tower opened in 2016.
Where is B2, and what was the project?
B2 stands at 461 Dean Street in Brooklyn, New York, within the Atlantic Yards development, later renamed Pacific Park. The 2012 groundbreaking announcement from Mayor Michael Bloomberg and Forest City Ratner Companies described a 32-story residential tower and said half of its apartments would be affordable. New York City’s December 18, 2012 announcement presented the project as a major element of the development.
The tower is generally known as B2 or 461 Dean Street. SHoP Architects describes it as the world’s tallest modular residential building when it was completed in 2016. That is a historical project description, not confirmation that it remains the tallest modular building today. SHoP’s project page identifies the building as a 32-story residential project.
How was the tower built?
Modules were made off site
Instead of constructing every part of the tower at its final location, the project used steel modules manufactured off site. WSP reports that 930 modules were fabricated for B2; SHoP identifies the nearby Brooklyn Navy Yard as the fabrication location. The units were transported from the factory and assembled at the Dean Street site. WSP’s project account describes its work on the modular building.
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Why use modular construction here?
SHoP says the approach was intended to reduce potential noise and traffic effects on a dense urban site. That is the architect’s account of the design rationale, not a published measurement showing how much disruption was avoided. The available project sources do not establish quantified savings, final cost, waste reduction, or reduced construction energy for B2.
Did B2 finish, and why was it delayed?
Yes. The tower was completed and opened in 2016, after a substantially longer schedule than the original plan. Skanska announced a USD 117 million construction contract in November 2012 and projected completion in 2014; that figure was the announced contract value, not a verified final project cost. Skanska’s 2012 announcement records the initial contract and schedule.
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Construction stopped amid disagreements and delays in 2014. Forest City’s SEC filing says the developer terminated Skanska’s contract for cause, bought Skanska’s 50 percent interest in the modular factory, and brought in a new construction manager. Factory work restarted in 2015, followed by resumed vertical construction. The filing does not establish a verified final cost for the tower. Forest City’s 2014 annual filing describes the interruption and subsequent changes.
SHoP describes B2 as complete in 2016, and Forest City’s 2017 annual filing says the building opened during the three months ended September 30, 2016. Forest City’s 2016 annual filing records that opening period.
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How many apartments are there, and how many are affordable?
Published project sources give different total apartment counts. SHoP’s project page lists 350 apartments in 23 layouts, from studios to three-bedroom homes. A 2025 Empire State Development workshop presentation lists 363 apartments: 181 affordable and 182 market-rate. The state presentation is the later source and provides the more recent stated breakdown, but the discrepancy with SHoP’s 350-unit figure remains unresolved. Empire State Development’s June 2025 presentation provides the 363-unit breakdown.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Was B2 the only modular tower in Pacific Park?
According to a 2017 court account, B2 was the only tower in the larger development erected using modular construction. Its unusual construction method therefore belongs to the history of this particular building; it should not be taken as evidence that the rest of Pacific Park used the same system. The court’s 2017 account describes B2’s place in the project.
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