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An automatic dual-flush flushometer is a commercial, sensor-activated valve that releases either a larger or smaller measured volume of water. It replaces the handle-operated flush valve on a compatible flushometer toilet, but the valve is only half of the system: the bowl, drainline, water supply and rated flush volume must work together. A retrofit can reduce touch points and water use, yet a lower setting is not automatically suitable for every existing restroom.
What an automatic dual-flush flushometer does
A flushometer toilet uses a pressurized water valve rather than a storage tank. When the valve opens, building water moves directly through the valve into the bowl and trapway. In a dual-flush version, the control provides two rated flush volumes: a full flush for the higher-demand cycle and a reduced flush for the lower-demand cycle. The actual activation method, sensor logic and volume selection vary by model, so the manufacturer’s instructions determine which user action calls each mode.
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Automatic models use a sensor to detect a user and initiate the cycle without a handle. Commercial units are commonly exposed above the bowl, with the sensor and electronics mounted on the valve cover or an attached control. A manual override, if supplied, is a model-specific feature rather than a category requirement.
Unlike a residential tank toilet, a flushometer installation is a matched assembly. The bowl has a marked or documented flush volume, while the valve has a rated discharge volume and inlet requirements. Selecting one without checking the other can produce weak evacuation, double flushing, excessive splash, or drainline problems.
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What “dual flush” means in specifications
Manufacturers normally write the two settings as a pair, such as 1.28/1.1 gallons per flush (gpf). The first number is the full-flush rating and the second is the reduced-flush rating. A 1.6/1.1-gpf model therefore has a higher full cycle but the same reduced cycle as a 1.28/1.1-gpf model. These are rated values, not a guarantee that every building will achieve the same water consumption or performance.
| Example rating | Full flush | Reduced flush | What to verify |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.28/1.1 gpf | 1.28 gpf | 1.1 gpf | That the bowl is rated for the selected valve and that the site meets supply and drainline requirements |
| 1.6/1.1 gpf | 1.6 gpf | 1.1 gpf | Whether the project needs the larger full cycle for the existing bowl or drainage conditions |
Do not infer a suitable setting from the old handle alone. Read the bowl marking, valve model and project documents, then confirm the permitted combination with the manufacturer and a plumbing professional.
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1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsDocumented retrofit example: Sloan ECOS RESS-C DF
The Sloan ECOS RESS-C DF is an exposed sensor water-closet retrofit valve. Sloan describes it as an upgrade from an existing manual flush valve to sensor operation, rather than a complete replacement of the bowl and carrier system. Sloan lists two rated pairs—1.28/1.1 gpf and 1.6/1.1 gpf—so the correct version depends on the bowl and project requirements. See the Sloan ECOS RESS-C DF product page for the manufacturer’s current model information.
- Activation: infrared sensing with high- and low-target detection, according to Sloan’s product description.
- Timing: a three-second flush delay is listed, helping avoid activation from a brief pass-by.
- Power: four AA batteries power the sensor assembly; Sloan also lists a low-battery indication.
- Service: Sloan identifies model parts and service access, allowing replacement components to be matched to the specific valve.
- Standards: Sloan states compliance with applicable sections of ASSE 1037; verify the current certification documentation for the exact model and configuration.
Those are manufacturer specifications for this product, not independent field-test results. They should not be generalized to every sensor flushometer.
Can a manual commercial flushometer be retrofitted?
Often, yes—but only when the existing valve body, bowl, inlet supply and flush volume are compatible with the retrofit kit. A retrofit changes the operating control; it does not correct an undersized water line, a damaged valve body, a blocked trapway or a bowl that requires a different rated volume.
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Pre-retrofit checks
- Record the existing valve manufacturer, model and rated gpf from the cover, label or maintenance records.
- Read the bowl’s stamped or printed flush-volume marking and identify whether it is intended for a single- or dual-flush arrangement.
- Inspect the valve body, tailpiece, stop, vacuum breaker and supply connection for corrosion, leaks or obsolete parts.
- Assess drainline slope, recurring blockages, pipe condition and available supplemental flow. A lower flush volume cannot compensate for a restricted or poorly configured drainline.
- Confirm sensor clearance, privacy-partition geometry and the location of any electrical or battery access cover.
- Check local plumbing, accessibility, water-efficiency and anti-siphon requirements before ordering.
Typical professional retrofit sequence
- Shut down and document. Close the control stop, flush the valve to relieve pressure, and photograph the existing assembly and bowl markings.
- Match the replacement. Select the exact retrofit model, full/reduced volume pair, inlet size and finish listed for the existing valve and bowl.
- Remove the manual actuator. Follow the manufacturer’s sequence so the valve body, seals and vacuum-breaker components are not damaged. Replace worn seals rather than reusing questionable parts.
- Install the sensor assembly. Fit the cover, sensor and electronics as directed, maintaining the specified orientation and clearance. Do not improvise a sensor location that points at a partition, mirror or high-traffic path.
- Restore the water supply gradually. Open the control stop slowly, inspect every threaded and gasketed joint, and set the stop only within the manufacturer’s adjustment range.
- Program and test. Confirm the sensing delay, full and reduced cycles, manual override if present, and low-battery or diagnostic indication. Test several cycles with the restroom in normal lighting and traffic conditions.
- Record the installation. Note model, rated volumes, battery type, date, bowl identification and replacement-part references in the building maintenance log.
Where the valve body or bowl is incompatible, the correct solution may be a complete valve-and-bowl replacement rather than a sensor-only retrofit.
How to choose the right flush volume
Start with the bowl, not the sensor
The bowl’s marked flush volume is the first constraint. A valve that delivers less water than the bowl was designed to receive may not clear the trapway reliably. A larger volume can also be unsuitable if the bowl, carrier or project specification does not permit it. Obtain written compatibility confirmation when the marking is missing, damaged or contradictory.
Consider the drainline and supply
EPA cautions that lower-volume flushometer toilets require evaluation of physical drainline conditions and available supplemental flow. Inspectors should look for long horizontal runs, low points, recurring stoppages, pipe scaling and other conditions that can affect transport. Verify dynamic pressure and flow at the fixture during design or commissioning; static pressure alone is not enough.
Match the project objective
For a new construction or major restroom renovation, select the bowl and valve as a certified pair and document the specified full and reduced ratings. For a retrofit, preserving reliable evacuation may be more important than choosing the smallest nominal volume. The owner should approve any change that could alter water use, maintenance frequency or user experience.
WaterSense limits and what they do—and do not—prove
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says WaterSense-labeled commercial flushometer-valve toilets, whether single- or dual-flush, use no more than 1.28 gpf, a 20 percent reduction from the 1.6-gpf federal standard. The category statement appears on EPA’s Commercial Toilets guidance. A label identifies a product meeting the program’s criteria; it does not promise a specific building’s annual savings or prove that a retrofit will perform on every drainline.
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EPA’s current program page estimates nearly 27 million flushometer-valve toilets in the United States, including about 7 million older units using 3.0 to 7.0 gpf. EPA estimates that replacing those older inefficient units nationwide with labeled models could save 39 billion gallons annually. These are national program estimates, not a forecast for an individual facility.
EPA’s 2015 WaterSense specification, version 1.0 dated December 17, 2015, describes a 1.0-gpf minimum and 1.28-gpf maximum rated flush volume for covered flushometer-valve water closets, including dual-flush modes. It references ASSE 1037, ASME A112.1037 and CSA B125.37, along with requirements for non-hold-open actuators and rated-volume adjustment. Because specifications and local adoptions can change, verify the current EPA criteria, product label and jurisdictional requirements before making a compliance claim.
Comparing sensor flushometer options
| Decision factor | What to compare | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Full/reduced volume | Rated pairs such as 1.28/1.1 or 1.6/1.1 gpf | Must agree with the bowl marking, drainline and project water target |
| Project type | Retrofit actuator versus complete new valve installation | Retrofits preserve more existing hardware but inherit its condition and limits |
| Power | Replaceable batteries or hardwired supply | Affects rough-in work, outage behavior and maintenance access |
| Controls | Sensor range, delay, manual override and adjustment limits | Determines false activations, accessibility and service procedure |
| Documentation | Current standards, certification and installation instructions | Supports inspection, specification and warranty decisions |
| Parts support | Exact seals, diaphragms, batteries, covers and sensor modules | Model-specific parts reduce compatibility errors and downtime |
Sloan’s G2 8110 materials list low-consumption, water-saver and high-efficiency volume options. Manufacturer search-index descriptions also identify an exposed sensor valve in the ZTR6200 range from 1.6 to 1.1 gpf and a hardwired sensor valve identified as ZEMS6000AV-MOB-W1. Treat those indexed descriptions as leads, not complete current specifications; confirm details in the latest manufacturer documentation before specifying them.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Installation, commissioning and maintenance requirements
Sensor valves need a clear detection field, stable power and clean hydraulic components. Keep the sensor face free of dust, soap film, tape and adhesive residue. During commissioning, test in the actual room because mirrors, glossy partitions, bright sunlight and moving doors can affect infrared detection. Confirm that the reduced cycle is intentional and that the full cycle is available when required.
Battery models should have a scheduled replacement interval based on traffic and the manufacturer’s indication, not on a generic calendar alone. Keep the correct AA type and model-specific spare parts on site where a restroom cannot remain out of service. For hardwired installations, document the circuit, isolation point and backup behavior.
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Service technicians should close the control stop before opening the valve, use the manufacturer’s parts breakdown, and replace seals or diaphragms with components identified for the exact model. Generic parts can alter timing, volume or leak performance. After service, run multiple flushes, check for a silent refill and verify that the valve fully closes.
Common problems and corrective actions
| Symptom | Likely checks | Corrective direction |
|---|---|---|
| No activation | Battery indication, sensor obstruction, control stop closed, wiring on hardwired models | Restore power or supply, clean the sensing window and follow the model diagnostic procedure |
| False or repeated activation | Sensor aimed at a partition, mirror, doorway or moving object; delay setting | Correct the sensor field and use only permitted adjustments |
| Weak or incomplete flush | Wrong bowl/valve volume, restricted stop, low dynamic supply, blocked trapway or drainline | Measure and inspect the whole system before increasing volume |
| Continuous running | Debris, worn diaphragm or seal, damaged valve seat | Isolate the valve and service it with the exact replacement parts |
| Water use higher than expected | Users triggering full cycles, leaks, repeated flushes or an oversized rating | Check programming, leak tightness, user instructions and fixture metering records |
Price, specification and approval questions
Current U.S. pricing for the ECOS RESS-C DF and comparable commercial sensor valves was not established in the available manufacturer material. Treat these products as distributor-priced and obtain a project quote that separates the valve, bowl or carrier work, batteries, replacement parts and labor. Installation cost depends on access, shutoff condition, code upgrades and whether the bowl or drainline must be changed.
Before purchase, request the current cut sheet, installation instructions, certification information, replacement-parts list and warranty terms. Ask the distributor to confirm the exact full/reduced gpf pair, bowl compatibility, inlet dimensions, power method and any required minimum pressure or flow. Have the plumbing professional document the final setting and commissioning results.
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Decision checklist for a building owner or designer
- Is the existing fixture a flushometer bowl with a clearly identified rated volume?
- Does the proposed valve deliver a permitted full/reduced pair for that bowl?
- Have drainline condition, dynamic supply and recurring blockage history been evaluated?
- Is a retrofit genuinely compatible, or is a complete valve-and-bowl assembly needed?
- Will batteries, sensor access and model-specific parts be practical for the maintenance team?
- Does the product have current standards and WaterSense documentation if labeling is required?
- Have local plumbing, accessibility, water-efficiency and project specifications been checked?
- Has the installed model, setting and test result been recorded for future service?
The dependable approach is to specify the bowl and valve together, choose the dual-flush ratings from documented compatibility information, and treat sensor operation as a control upgrade—not as permission to ignore the hydraulic system.
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