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Bettesworth Construction
construction

Your Complete Guide to Reupholstering Furniture

A practical guide to reupholstering chairs and sofas, from inspection and fabric planning to frame repairs, fitting, finishing, and U.S. compliance considerations.

By Bettesworth Construction Team 5 min read
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Reupholstering furniture means more than stapling new fabric over an old cover. A successful project starts with inspecting and documenting the piece, then proceeds through removal, repairs, padding, measuring, cutting and sewing, controlled attachment, and finishing. The exact technique depends on the frame, cushions, seams, trim, and any earlier repairs.

Is the furniture a good candidate?

Before stripping the piece, inspect its frame, support system, cushions, and existing upholstery. Look for loose joints, damaged supports, deteriorated filling, and signs of previous repairs. Decide whether the job is a fabric change, a broader repair, or both; recovering a sound frame is a different scope from rebuilding one.

Whether reupholstery is worthwhile depends on the frame’s condition, the repair work required, the total material and labor cost, your available skills, and the furniture’s sentimental or design value. There is no universal cost threshold that makes repair preferable to replacement.

What tools and materials do you need?

Gather tools based on the furniture and the layers you will remove or install. A staple gun and compatible staples are standard upholstery-operation equipment in UNIDO’s technical manual. Choose fasteners to suit the frame and material layers, and use the tool according to its safety instructions. A staple remover or tack puller can also help with stripping, though it is an optional practical tool rather than a universal requirement.

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#1 Best Overall
Upholstery Staple Gun Heavy Duty, YEAHOME 4-in-1 Stapler Gun with 4000 Staples, Manual Brad Nailer Power Adjustment Stapler Gun for Wood, Crafts, Carpentry, Decoration DIY
  • Versatile Fastening Tool - YEAHOME 4-in-1 Staple Gun accepts D-shaped, U-shaped, T-shaped, and Pin Staples. This kit comes with 1000pcs of each " D-Type, " T-Type, " U-Type , and " Pin Brad Nails for a wide variety of applications: general DIY repairs, crafting, decorating, upholstery projects, roofing, and more.
  • Heavy-Duty Staple Gun - Features all chromed-steel construction and a chrome finish to provide strength and durability, and make the staple gun rust-proof. YEAHOME staple guns are assembled toughly so that it can handle the tough load and last as long as you need it!
  • Power Adjustment - Change the pressure (between low to high) with the screw lever as per the requirement of your projects, to staple in soft as well as hard materials, make your projects easier.
  • Easy to Use - Steel handle with over-molded grip to help provide comfortable usage and easy operation. Bottom load design and a steel magazine for quick and easy loading.
  • Upholstery staple gun and compatible staples
  • Optional staple remover or tack puller for old fasteners
  • Measuring and marking supplies, plus suitable cutting tools
  • New upholstery fabric and, if inspection calls for it, replacement filling
  • Sewing supplies if the project requires seams or cushion covers

The particular tools, fastener lengths, and materials depend on the construction. A chair with a simple seat is not the same job as a sofa with multiple cushions, fitted panels, or decorative trim.

How do you reupholster a chair or sofa?

Use the old upholstery as a record of how the piece was assembled, not as proof that every layer should be reused. A technical upholstery workflow includes work on the support system and frame, foam padding, cushion filling and closing, fabric cutting, cover sewing, and final covering and assembly. Treat this as a broad sequence: furniture designs vary, and the manual describes production operations rather than a consumer-tested procedure for a particular piece.

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Arrow Electric Staple Gun Kit with 3750 Pieces T50 Staples, T50ACD
  • Extra 3750 Pieces Staples: Package come with 3750 Pieces 1/4", 3/8", 1/2" Arrow T50 staples (Each 1250 Pieces), providing options for a variety of projects
  • Professional Safety Stapler: This product has a contact safety mechanism at the nail outlet to prevent misfires. You need to press the top of the product firmly to make the staple outlet contact with the work surface to work. For safety and prevent accidental triggering, you need to press On switch first then press the trigger to shoot staples. Multiple air vents design for heat dissipation to protect the tool and your hand
  • High Efficiency & 8 Foot Cord: The gun delivers max power with each shot, can fire at 60 staples per minute, which helps you secure large surfaces quickly. No need recharging method makes it continuous hitting. 8 Foot cord power cord offers an extended reach
  • Easy Operation: Designed with convenient bottom-loading staple magazine, you can easily install the staples. Low staple indicator window lets users know when the magazine is nearing empty. Comfortable grip help reduce hand fatigue. Quick-release mechanism helps shoot staple smoothly and quickly
  • Wide Application: The Arrow T50ACD electric stapler is compatible with 1/4"(6mm)-1/2"(12mm) T50 staples. Ideal for upholstery, carpentry, decorating, screen repair, cable fixed, crafts projects. Suitable for general repair and professional uses
  1. Inspect and plan. Assess the frame, supports, padding, cushions, seams, and trim. Set the scope of the work before removing material.
  2. Photograph and document. Take clear pictures from several angles and record how fabric panels, seams, fasteners, and trim are arranged. Label pieces as you remove them so they can guide the new cover’s layout.
  3. Remove the old cover carefully. Work methodically so you can see how the upholstery is attached and retain usable pieces as patterns. Avoid damaging the frame or support system while removing fasteners.
  4. Repair the frame and supports. Address problems you found during inspection before covering them. The required work depends on the furniture’s construction and condition.
  5. Refresh padding and filling where needed. Replace material that is deteriorated or unsuitable; serviceable filling does not automatically need replacement. In U.S. work subject to flammability requirements, verify documentation for new resilient filling.
  6. Measure, lay out, and cut the fabric. Use the old pieces as references, check the direction of the fabric, and plan pattern alignment before cutting.
  7. Sew covers or seams as required. Some pieces need sewn panels or cushion covers; others rely more on fitting and fastening. Follow the original construction where it remains sound.
  8. Attach the covering in a controlled sequence. Fit and fasten the material in stages so it stays aligned and appropriately tensioned. The sequence varies with the piece’s shape, seams, and construction.
  9. Close cushions and finish trim. Reassemble cushion covers and restore trim or other finishing details that belong to the design.
  10. Inspect the finished piece. Check the fit, seams, fasteners, cushion closure, and overall finish, and correct problems before treating the work as complete.

How much fabric do you need?

There is no reliable one-size-fits-all yardage figure. The amount depends on the furniture’s dimensions and shapes, the number and size of cushions, the fabric’s pattern repeat, and how the pieces can be laid out. Measure each section and account for matching patterns before ordering. The old cover can help with panel shapes, but it cannot replace checking the new fabric’s usable width and pattern placement.

How should you choose upholstery fabric and filling?

Choose fabric for the piece’s intended use, construction, care needs, and appearance. For indoor woven upholstery, the Association for Contract Textiles (ACT) publishes voluntary guidance that includes performance indicators for pilling, breaking strength, and seam slippage. ACT’s stated guideline values are a Class 3 minimum for pilling under ASTM D3511 or ASTM D4970, 50 lb minimum breaking strength in both warp and weft, and 25 lb minimum seam-slippage value in both warp and weft. These are guideline values for the described application, not universal legal thresholds or guarantees of service life. ACT cautions that laboratory results alone cannot predict how fabric will perform in use; care, misuse, and environment also matter. See ACT’s indoor woven-fabric guidance.

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Rank #3
Bielmeier 2-in-1 Cordless T50 Staple Gun & Brad Nailer, 4V Battery Powered
  • T50-FIRST FASTENING FOR EVERYDAY PROJECTS — T50 staples are the primary fastening function; 1/2 in. T50 staples are recommended for upholstery, fabric, foam, canvas, cardboard and thin softwood. Use 18GA brad nails up to 9/16 in. as a secondary option for light trim, picture frames and small finishing details.
  • CORDLESS, LIGHTWEIGHT CONTROL — The 1.6 lb 4V tool keeps repair and decorating jobs mobile. Charge by Type-C in about 2 hours and work at up to 50 fasteners per minute.
  • CHOOSE THE RIGHT MATERIAL BEFORE YOU START — Built for soft materials and thin softwood. Test on scrap first. It is not designed for hardwood, plywood, OSB, thick lumber, framing or heavy construction.
  • BETTER RESULTS WITH CORRECT SETUP — Load the magazine from the bottom, use the specified T50 staple length, then press the contact nose flat at 90° before pulling the trigger.
  • READY FOR LIGHT DIY — Includes 1,200 T50 staples and 400 brad nails to start common upholstery, display, décor and repair tasks. Use the safety switch and keep hands clear of the firing area.

For cushions and other resilient filling, use inspection to decide whether material needs repair or replacement. If you are replacing it, consider the intended use and obtain appropriate material information. For regulated U.S. reupholstery, filling is among the components covered by the applicable flammability test framework; do not assume that any foam meets the requirements.

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When do U.S. flammability rules apply?

U.S. federal requirements are not the same as a universal rule for every person recovering furniture. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) says 16 C.F.R. part 1640 applies the requirements of TB 117-2013 to covered upholstered furniture. Its FAQ says furniture kept for personal use is outside this requirement, while furniture reupholstered for sale—including antiques—must comply.

Rank #4
SHALL Staple Gun Heavy Duty, 3-in-1 Upholstery Staple Gun Kit with 3000 Staples, Staple Remover, Manual Brad Nailer with Specific Staples Outlet Position Indicator
  • 3-in-1 Application : It fits 3 kinds of different staples/nails such as D type staples, U type staples and T type nails; It's suitable for general models: T50, T18, Brad nail gauge 18
  • More Accurate Positioning : The staple gun features 3 specific staple outlet laser-etched marking, which helps users more clearly know the outlet position of staples and then more accurately fasten objects
  • Knob Stepless Adjustment : Unlike high/ low dual power adjustments, the stepless knob adjustment allows for much more levels of power adjustment; It allows the user to set different pressure depending on the desired effect of the stapling
  • Easy to Use and Comfortable : Equipped with a jam clearing system that allows for the quick removal of stuck staples; It’s anti slip comfort grip also gives comfort to the user’s palm which reduces the pain while doing heavy/continuous work
  • Cost-effective Kit : Includes an all-metal 3-in-1 stapler gun, 3000 PCs staples and a staple remover; Staples including 1000 PCs 5/16" D-type staples,1000 PCs 15/32" U-type staples (T18); 1000 PCs 25/64" T-type staples (Brad nail gauge 18); The set will meet your most needs

For covered furniture manufactured, imported, or reupholstered on or after June 25, 2021, the applicable test-method requirements took effect. The permanent-label requirement took effect for covered items on or after June 25, 2022. The new cover fabric and resilient filling materials added during regulated reupholstery must meet applicable requirements. Consult the CPSC upholstered-furniture guidance and FAQ for the current scope and details.

What materials are tested?

CPSC describes TB 117-2013 tests for cover fabric, resilient filling, barrier material, and decking when present. A compliant construction may use a passing barrier material that completely surrounds the filling, or passing cover fabric and filling. Decking material, if present, must also pass its test. A barrier does not remove the decking test where decking is present.

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Best Value
Arrow PT50 Oil-Free Pneumatic Staple Gun, Heavy-Duty Stapler, Red
  • READY FOR ACTION: The PT50 Pneumatic Staple Gun is great for household projects, like insulation, house wrap, roofing, flooring, or upholstery; This tool is great for large projects and stapling into harder materials
  • COMFORT AND EFFICIENCY: The lightweight compact design, over mold rubber grip, and the exhaust cover that allows you to direct exiting air flow make for a comfortable stapling experience
  • CONVENIENCE AND SAFETY: Unlike other pneumatic tools, the PT50 does not require oil for maintenance; The safety trigger feature requires two triggers to be pulled before firing to prevent misfires
  • BUMP FIRE ACTION: Rapid firing of staples is possible by holding down the trigger and pressing against your work surface. The contact safety prevents misfires when shooting multiple staples in succession
  • COMPATIBILITY: This staple gun comes with air inlet fittings and operates on home compressor units up to 100psi; This tool uses Arrow T50 staples (sold separately) in 1/4-Inch, 5/16-Inch, 3/8-Inch, 1/2-Inch, or 9/16-Inch

What does the permanent label say?

For covered furniture subject to the label requirement, CPSC specifies this wording: “Complies with U.S. CPSC requirements for upholstered furniture flammability.”

These details are specific to the United States. If you do commercial work, reupholster furniture for resale, or work on children’s furniture, check current CPSC requirements and the state and local rules that apply to your situation. CPSC notes that additional requirements may apply to children’s products.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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