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15 Houseplants Often Called “Air-Purifying”—and What They Actually Do

NASA tested several familiar houseplants in sealed chambers, but that does not show that a few pots clean air in a typical home. Here are the plants associated with the research and more effective steps for indoor air quality.

By Bettesworth Construction Team 3 min read
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Houseplants can brighten a room, but the familiar “air-purifying plant” lists overstate what a few pots can do for indoor air. NASA tested plants in sealed chambers; that work does not prove that a typical number of plants meaningfully cleans air in a ventilated home. The 15 plants below are candidates associated with that research, not a ranked list of proven household air cleaners.

Do houseplants actually improve indoor air quality?

NASA’s 1989 technical memorandum examined plant systems for removing benzene, trichloroethylene and formaldehyde. Researchers used controlled tests in small, sealed chambers, where pollutants and conditions could be measured. The findings show that plants can remove chemicals under those test conditions; they do not establish a meaningful benefit from a few decorative plants in an ordinary home.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says there is currently no evidence that a reasonable number of houseplants remove significant quantities of pollutants in homes and offices. Iowa State University Extension makes the same practical distinction: results from sealed-chamber experiments do not translate into meaningful air-quality changes in homes or offices. (EPA indoor-air guidance; Iowa State Extension)

So, treat “air-purifying” as a label associated with the plants’ research history, not a demonstrated home performance claim. Choose a plant for its appearance and care needs rather than expecting it to replace ventilation, filtration or pollution-source control.

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15 plants associated with NASA’s tests

NASA’s report names the following species among plants screened or included in some tests. The report does not establish a comparative ranking for household air cleaning, and the sources cited here do not provide a current side-by-side score. These are therefore practical houseplant options associated with the claim—not the “best” performers in a home.

  1. Bamboo palm (Chamaedorea seifritzii)
  2. Chinese evergreen (Aglaonema modestum)
  3. English ivy (Hedera helix)
  4. Gerbera daisy (Gerbera jamesonii)
  5. Janet Craig dracaena
  6. Marginata dracaena
  7. Mass cane or corn cane dracaena
  8. Mother-in-law’s tongue (listed in the report as Sansevieria laurentii)
  9. Pot mum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
  10. Peace lily (Spathiphyllum “Mauna Loa”)
  11. Warneckei dracaena
  12. Weeping fig (Ficus benjamina)
  13. Heart-leaf philodendron
  14. Elephant-ear philodendron
  15. Golden pothos

The report also names green spider plant among plants used in some tests. Because that makes 16 named candidates when combined with the list above, it is included here as an additional option rather than quietly implying that NASA tested exactly 15. (NASA, “A Study of Interior Landscape Plants for Indoor Air Pollution Abatement”)

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How to choose a plant for your home

Since the cited evidence does not rank these plants for real-world air cleaning, base your choice on whether it suits the room and the people who live there. Compare available light, watering needs, eventual size and growth habit, and the time you want to spend on care. Check current care and household-safety guidance for the particular plant before bringing it home; the NASA study is not a care or safety guide.

Houseplants can still be worthwhile for their appearance and the enjoyment of caring for them. Avoid overwatering: EPA cautions that overly damp soil may encourage microorganisms that can affect people with allergies.

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What works better for indoor air?

EPA describes three basic approaches to indoor air quality: source control, ventilation and air cleaning or filtration. Source control—reducing or removing the pollutant source—is usually the most effective. When outdoor conditions permit, ventilation can dilute or remove indoor pollutants; kitchen and bathroom exhaust fans vented outdoors can remove contaminants at their source.

Air cleaners and filters can help with some particles, depending on factors such as collection efficiency and airflow. EPA notes that air cleaners are generally not designed to remove gaseous pollutants, so match equipment to the pollutant of concern rather than assuming one device handles everything. Houseplants should not be treated as substitutes for these measures. (EPA, “Improving Indoor Air Quality,” updated August 3, 2026)

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