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Lib Work’s Lib Earth House in Kumamoto, Japan, shows how soil-based 3D printing can form part of a home without printing the whole building. Its Model B uses printed walls made from a mix the company describes as earth, lime and plant fibers, combined with a timber frame and conventional construction work. The result is a hybrid prototype—not a fully printed house—and its environmental and performance claims need to be read with the qualifications Lib Work publishes.
How the soil-based house is built
Lib Work’s construction sequence starts with a conventional foundation. A printer is installed on it to print the walls on site; after printing, the machine is removed, the timber frame is erected, and standard interior finishing is completed. Arup describes Model B as a full-scale residential prototype with self-supporting printed soil walls and a timber frame.
- Prepare a conventional foundation.
- Install the printer on the foundation and print the walls on site.
- Remove the printer after the wall-printing work.
- Erect the timber frame.
- Complete the interior using standard finishing work.
This division of work matters: the printed walls are one part of the building system, while the frame, foundation and finishing remain conventional construction elements. Arup says the project secured an official building permit. Arup’s project account describes Model B’s structure and development.
What is in the printed material?
Lib Work says its proprietary mix is primarily earth, lime and plant fibers, used instead of cement. The company describes the ingredients as natural and says the mix is designed to provide strength and workability. The exact formula and the reported performance of the mix are not independently published in the cited project material, so the description should be understood as Lib Work’s account rather than a verified recipe or independent materials assessment. Lib Work’s project information sets out its material description.
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Printing also allows curved and otherwise complex wall forms. Arup describes Model B as a larger, more complex development of the cylindrical Model A: its rooms are arranged in a cluster around a courtyard. That geometry is a design opportunity, not evidence by itself that the house uses less material or performs better than a conventional home.
What the project says about safety, durability and comfort
Lib Work reports that Model B is engineered for forces equivalent to Japan’s Grade 3 residential seismic class and that the project obtained building confirmation under Japan’s Building Standards Act. These are company-reported project claims; they do not establish that the same design or approval applies to other 3D-printed buildings or to construction in other jurisdictions.
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Lib Work also says long-term durability research for Model B’s planned materials is ongoing, and that thermal insulation testing is still being run. The published information therefore does not establish long-term durability or superior insulation performance. A building permit or confirmation is not a substitute for published results on those still-in-progress tests. Lib Work’s project page provides these qualifications.
How to interpret the emissions comparison
Lib Work’s 2025 corporate presentation estimates emissions for a 100 m² house under three construction scenarios. The figures are company estimates, not an independently verified lifecycle assessment in the cited sources.
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| 100 m² house scenario | Estimated emissions | Source and qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Soil-based 3D-printed house | 22,434 kg CO₂ | Lib Work estimate, 2025 corporate presentation; not independently verified in the cited sources. |
| Reinforced-concrete house | 45,000 kg CO₂ | Lib Work comparison estimate, 2025 corporate presentation; not independently verified in the cited sources. |
| Wooden house | 23,901 kg CO₂ | Lib Work comparison estimate, 2025 corporate presentation; not independently verified in the cited sources. |
Lib Work states that its soil-based scenario represents a 50.2% estimated reduction versus the reinforced-concrete comparison. That percentage belongs to the company’s stated comparison; the cited material does not establish a common, independently audited lifecycle boundary across all three scenarios. It should not be treated as a universal emissions saving for soil-based 3D printing. Lib Work’s 2025 presentation contains the estimates.
How Lib Earth House differs from TECLA and Gaia
TECLA and Gaia are other soil-based construction projects, but they are not versions of Lib Earth House. Their teams, systems and published material details differ, so the projects cannot be ranked from the available figures as if they were tested under one standard.
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| Project | Published approach | What the comparison does—and does not—show |
|---|---|---|
| Lib Earth House, Model B | Lib Work describes a mix based primarily on earth, lime and plant fibers. The house combines printed, self-supporting walls with a timber frame, conventional foundation and standard finishing. Arup describes a courtyard cluster of rooms. | Lib Work reports Japan building confirmation and a Grade 3 equivalent seismic claim; long-term durability research and insulation testing remain in progress. |
| TECLA | Designed by Mario Cucinella Architects and developed with WASP. The architect describes its approach as combining local materials with research into vernacular building, climate and bioclimatic principles. WASP says it was made in Italy with its Crane WASP printer. | These project descriptions do not establish that TECLA shares Lib Earth House’s material recipe, structural arrangement or approval status. Mario Cucinella Architects’ TECLA page and WASP’s TECLA page describe that project. |
| Gaia | WASP reports a mix of 25% site soil (within that soil component: 30% clay, 40% silt and 30% sand), 40% chopped rice straw, 25% rice husk and 10% hydraulic lime. | WASP reports a 20 m² building, a 30 m² printed wall envelope, a 10-day construction period and €900 in total wall-material cost. These are WASP’s Gaia project figures, not estimates for Lib Earth House or current general construction costs. WASP’s Gaia page gives the project details. |
For a meaningful comparison, check what each project prints, which components are conventionally built, what structural or code review has been documented, and whether environmental figures use comparable boundaries. The cited sources do not provide a consistent independent dataset across the three projects.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What the example demonstrates—and what remains open
Lib Earth House demonstrates a construction approach in which soil-based printing forms walls within a broader building system. It does not show that every part of a home can be printed, that soil-based construction automatically has lower lifecycle emissions, or that durability and insulation advantages have already been established. The most useful reading is specific: Lib Work has described its mix, building sequence and project claims, while some long-term material and comfort testing remains underway.
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