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Bettesworth Construction
Dry Dock 5

P-209 Dry Dock 5: Building Toward Dewatering at Pearl Harbor

At Pearl Harbor, crews are building Dry Dock 5’s foundation and temporary cofferdam underwater. Dewatering will expose the foundation for permanent-wall construction.

By Bettesworth Construction Team 3 min read
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Before permanent walls can rise for the Navy’s new Dry Dock 5 at Pearl Harbor, crews must build its foundation and a temporary, water-retaining enclosure beneath the harbor. The next major step is dewatering: pumping water out of that enclosed area so workers can expose the foundation and construct the permanent dock in a dry work area. This is a construction-phase update, not an announcement that the dock is ready for submarine maintenance.

What is P-209 Dry Dock 5?

P-209 is the Department of the Navy military construction project to deliver Dry Dock 5 at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility (PHNSY & IMF). The dock is intended to replace Dry Dock 3, a World War II-era facility that the Navy says is too shallow for newer, larger Virginia-class attack submarines. The Navy’s 2021 project flyer describes the new graving dry dock as expanding depot-level maintenance capability for current and future fast-attack submarines.

Dry Dock 5 is part of the Shipyard Infrastructure Optimization Program (SIOP), the Navy’s long-term effort to recapitalize infrastructure and industrial plant equipment at its four public shipyards. Mark Edelson, the program executive officer for Infrastructure and Expeditionary, described SIOP as an effort to expand shipyard capacity and optimize shipyard configuration for the maintenance needs of the nuclear-powered fleet.

What does dewatering mean?

Dewatering is the removal of water from a bounded work area. At Dry Dock 5, crews are preparing to pump water out from inside a cofferdam built in the harbor. Once the water is removed, the submerged foundation will be exposed, allowing construction of permanent dry-dock walls in a dry workspace.

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The October 6, 2026 project report describes this preparation as a key safety phase: the work area is about 60 feet below the adjacent waterline. Capt. Chris Coggins, commanding officer of Officer in Charge of Construction Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard, said, “The ongoing preparations for dewatering are the most important and dangerous part of the project.” He added, “Without completing this phase, workers will not be able to safely enter or build at a depth of 60 feet below the adjacent waterline.”

How do you build a dry dock underwater?

The construction sequence begins by creating a contained worksite, then building the foundation within it before pumping the area dry.

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  1. Build the cofferdam. Steel pipe piles and interlocking sheet piles form temporary walls around the worksite. Braces and struts connect the walls to help them resist pressure from the surrounding harbor.
  2. Install the foundation units. Prefabricated concrete floor units made at Waipio Peninsula are transported by water and lowered onto the harbor floor.
  3. Connect the foundation. Underwater tremie concrete joins the floor units to the surrounding foundation.
  4. Dewater the enclosure. Crews pump water out from inside the cofferdam, exposing the foundation.
  5. Build the permanent walls. With the foundation accessible in a dry work area, crews can begin constructing the permanent dry-dock walls.

The cofferdam is temporary; it contains harbor water around the construction area while the foundation is built and the enclosure is prepared for pumping. Dewatering is therefore a transition from underwater work to construction in the exposed basin, not the final step in delivering an operational dock.

What else is included in the project?

The basin is only part of P-209. The 2026 project report lists utility systems, crane-rail foundations, pump stations, a water-treatment system, an electrical substation and 10 supporting buildings. The Navy’s 2021 flyer also identifies deep marine foundations, pile driving, tremie concrete placement, precast concrete delivered by barge, dredging, quay-wall and revetment work, utility distribution changes and other site improvements.

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Why is Dry Dock 5 replacing Dry Dock 3?

The Navy’s stated rationale is the fit between the old dock and today’s submarines. Dry Dock 3 was built during World War II for vessels of that era and, according to PHNSY & IMF commander Capt. Ryan McCrillis, is too shallow for newer, larger Virginia-class attack submarines. McCrillis said Dry Dock 5 “will be the first dry dock built specifically for the latest nuclear submarines.” The Navy’s 2021 flyer likewise frames the project as increasing depot-level maintenance capability for current and future fast-attack submarines.

McCrillis said, “Dry Dock 5 will significantly upgrade our shipyard’s capabilities.” The current construction update, however, concerns preparations for dewatering; it does not say that the dock is available for submarine maintenance.

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